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Qubits encoded in a decoherence-free subsystem and realized in exchange-coupled silicon quantum dots are promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Benefits of this approach include excellent coherence, low control…

The stabilization of a quantum computer by repeated error correction can be reduced almost entirely to repeated preparation of blocks of qubits in quantum codeword states. These are multi-particle entangled states with a high degree of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew M. Steane

We report on the fault-tolerant operation of logical qubits on a neutral atom quantum computer, with logical performance surpassing physical performance for multiple circuits including Bell states (12x error reduction), random circuits…

Fault-tolerant quantum computing demands many qubits with long lifetimes to conduct accurate quantum gate operations. However, external noise limits the computing time of physical qubits. Quantum error correction codes may extend such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Chungheon Baek , Tomohiro Ostuka , Seigo Tarucha , Byung-Soo Choi

We propose fault-tolerant encoders for quantum low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. By grouping qubits within a quantum code over contiguous blocks and applying preshared entanglement across these blocks, we show how transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Abhi Kumar Sharma , Shayan Srinivasa Garani

Quantum Error Correction will be necessary for preserving coherent states against noise and other unwanted interactions in quantum computation and communication. We develop a general theory of quantum error correction based on encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme

Quantum error correction is widely believed to be essential for large-scale quantum computation, but the required qubit overhead remains a central challenge. Quantum low-density parity-check codes can substantially reduce this overhead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Chen Zhao , Casey Duckering , Andi Gu , Nishad Maskara , Hengyun Zhou

Logical qubit encoding and quantum error correction (QEC) have been experimentally demonstrated in various physical systems with multiple physical qubits, however, logical operations are challenging due to the necessary nonlocal operations.…

Quantum error correction is an important ingredient for scalable quantum computing. Stabilizer codes are one of the most promising and straightforward ways to correct quantum errors, are convenient for logical operations, and improve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Ilya. A. Simakov , Ilya. S. Besedin

Recent years have seen rapid development in the subject of quantum coding theory, with breakthroughs on many exciting classes of codes, including quantum LDPC codes, quantum locally testable codes, and quantum codes with interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Rachel Yun Zhang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Quantum entanglement is a fundamental property of coherent quantum states and an essential resource for quantum computing. While two-qubit entanglement has been demonstrated for spins in silicon, creation of multipartite entanglement, a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-17 Kenta Takeda , Akito Noiri , Takashi Nakajima , Jun Yoneda , Takashi Kobayashi , Seigo Tarucha

Sharing logical entangled pairs between distant quantum nodes is a key process to achieve fault tolerant quantum computation and communication. However, there is a gap between current experimental specifications and theoretical requirements…

It has been known that quantum error correction via concatenated codes can be done with exponentially small failure rate if the error rate for physical qubits is below a certain accuracy threshold. Other, unconcatenated codes with their own…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Eric Dennis

Vast numbers of qubits will be needed for large-scale quantum computing due to the overheads associated with error correction. We present a scheme for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation based on quantum low-density parity-check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Lawrence Z. Cohen , Isaac H. Kim , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

We demonstrate high fidelity entangling quantum gates within a chain of five trapped ion qubits by optimally shaping optical fields that couple to multiple collective modes of motion. We individually address qubits with segmented optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 T. Choi , S. Debnath , T. A. Manning , C. Figgatt , Z. -X. Gong , L. -M. Duan , C. Monroe

Current quantum processors are fragile, noisy and fairly limited in both quantity and quality with tens of qubits and physical error rates of around 10^-3. To realize practical quantum applications, however, error rates need to be below…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Hany Ali

We propose two protocols to encode a logical qubit into physical qubits relying on common types of qubit-qubit interactions in as simple forms as possible. We comment on its experimental implementation in several quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Zeng , D. L. Zhou , Z. Xu , C. P. Sun , L. You

The resource overhead required to achieve net computational benefits from quantum error correction (QEC) limits its utility while current systems remain constrained in size, despite exceptional progress in experimental demonstrations. In…

Entangling gates between qubits are a crucial component for performing algorithms in quantum computers. However, any quantum algorithm must ultimately operate on error-protected logical qubits encoded in high-dimensional systems. Typically,…

Quantum computing becomes viable when a quantum state can be preserved from environmentally-induced error. If quantum bits (qubits) are sufficiently reliable, errors are sparse and quantum error correction (QEC) is capable of identifying…