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The simulation of complex physical systems using a discretized mesh is a cornerstone of applied mechanics, but traditional numerical solvers are often computationally prohibitive for many-query tasks. While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Kangzheng Liu , Leixin Ma

This contribution proposes novel data-driven surrogate modeling approaches for parameterized parabolic PDEs, where the parameter dependence can be split into two parts with different decay behavior of the Kolmogorov $N$-width. Such problems…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Dawid Kotowski , Mario Ohlberger

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and differential equations (DEs) are two rapidly advancing areas of research that have shown remarkable synergy in recent years. GNNs have emerged as powerful tools for learning on graph-structured data, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Zewen Liu , Xiaoda Wang , Bohan Wang , Zijie Huang , Carl Yang , Wei Jin

This work formulates a new approach to reduced modeling of parameterized, time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). The method employs Operator Inference, a scientific machine learning framework combining data-driven learning…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Shane A McQuarrie , Parisa Khodabakhshi , Karen E Willcox

We present a methodology combining neural networks with physical principle constraints in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach allows to train neural networks while respecting the PDEs as a strong constraint in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Sebastian K. Mitusch , Simon W. Funke , Miroslav Kuchta

Physics-based deep learning frameworks have shown to be effective in accurately modeling the dynamics of complex physical systems with generalization capability across problem inputs. However, time-independent problems pose the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Rini Jasmine Gladstone , Helia Rahmani , Vishvas Suryakumar , Hadi Meidani , Marta D'Elia , Ahmad Zareei

There is a recent surge in the development of spatio-temporal forecasting models in the transportation domain. Long-range traffic forecasting, however, remains a challenging task due to the intricate and extensive spatio-temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Zibo Liu , Parshin Shojaee , Chandan K Reddy

Time-dependent partial differential equations are ubiquitous in physics-based modeling, but they remain computationally intensive in many-query scenarios, such as real-time forecasting, optimal control, and uncertainty quantification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Sven Dummer , Dongwei Ye , Christoph Brune

While data-driven techniques are powerful tools for reduced-order modeling of systems with chaotic dynamics, great potential remains for leveraging known physics (i.e. a full-order model (FOM)) to improve predictive capability. We develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Alex Guo , Michael D. Graham

High-fidelity simulations of mixing and combustion processes are generally computationally demanding and time-consuming, hindering their wide application in industrial design and optimization. The present study proposes parametric reduced…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-29 Chenxu Ni , Siyu Ding , Xingjian Wang

Steering a system towards a desired target in a very short amount of time is challenging from a computational standpoint. Indeed, the intrinsically iterative nature of optimal control problems requires multiple simulations of the physical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Matteo Tomasetto , Andrea Manzoni , Francesco Braghin

The physical world is governed by the laws of physics, often represented in form of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Unfortunately, solution of PDEs is non-trivial and often involves significant computational time. With…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-25 Yash Kumar , Souvik Chakraborty

Simulating physical systems governed by Lagrangian dynamics often entails solving partial differential equations (PDEs) over high-resolution spatial domains, leading to significant computational expense. Reduced-order modeling (ROM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Hrishikesh Viswanath , Yue Chang , Aleksey Panas , Julius Berner , Peter Yichen Chen , Aniket Bera

Traditional reduced order modeling techniques such as the reduced basis (RB) method (relying, e.g., on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)) suffer from severe limitations when dealing with nonlinear time-dependent parametrized PDEs,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-14 Stefania Fresca , Luca Dede , Andrea Manzoni

We explore the use of graph neural networks (GNNs) to model spatial processes in which there is no a priori graphical structure. Similar to finite element analysis, we assign nodes of a GNN to spatial locations and use a computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ferran Alet , Adarsh K. Jeewajee , Maria Bauza , Alberto Rodriguez , Tomas Lozano-Perez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

In many areas of engineering, nonlinear numerical analysis is playing an increasingly important role in supporting the design and monitoring of structures. Whilst increasing computer resources have made such formerly prohibitive analyses…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-02 Thomas Simpson , Nikolaos Dervilis , Eleni Chatzi

Computational modeling of the brain has become a key part of understanding how the brain clears metabolic waste, but patient-specific modeling on a significant scale is still out of reach with current methods. We introduce a novel approach…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-12 Andreas Solheim , Geir Ringstand , Per Kristian Eide , Kent-Andre Mardal

This work introduces a reduced order modeling (ROM) framework for the solution of parameterized second-order linear elliptic partial differential equations formulated on unfitted geometries. The goal is to construct efficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Margarita Chasapi , Pablo Antolin , Annalisa Buffa

In this work, a new hybrid predictive Reduced Order Model (ROM) is proposed to solve reacting flow problems. This algorithm is based on a dimensionality reduction using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) combined with deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Adrián Corrochano , Rodolfo S. M. Freitas , Alessandro Parente , Soledad Le Clainche

The long runtime of high-fidelity partial differential equation (PDE) solvers makes them unsuitable for time-critical applications. We propose to accelerate PDE solvers using reduced-order modeling (ROM). Whereas prior ROM approaches reduce…