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The central points of communication network flow has often been identified using graph theoretical centrality measures. In real networks, the state of traffic density arises from an interplay between the dynamics of the flow and the…
We study traffic flow on roads with a localized periodic inhomogeneity such as traffic signals, using a stochastic car-following model. We find that in cases of congestion, traffic flow can be optimized by controlling the inhomogeneity's…
We investigate characteristic properties of the congested traffic states on a 30 km long stretch of the German freeway A5 north of Frankfurt/Main. Among the approximately 245 breakdowns of traffic flow in 165 days, we have identified five…
Traffic waves can rise even from single lane car-following behaviour. To better understand and mitigate traffic waves, it is necessary to use analytical tools like mathematical models, data analysis, and micro-simulations that can capture…
The amount of data that is being gathered about cities is increasing in size and specificity. However, despite this wealth of information, we still have little understanding of what really drives the processes behind urbanisation. In this…
By analyzing empirical time headway distributions of traffic flow, a hypothesis about the underlying stochastic process can be drawn. The results found lead to the assumption that the headways $T_i$ of individual vehicles follow a linear…
Understanding the dynamics of traffic clusters is crucial for enhancing urban transportation systems, particularly in managing congestion and free-flow states. This study applies computational percolation theory to analyze the formation and…
We describe traffic flows in one lane roadways using kinetic theory, with special emphasis on the role of quenched randomness in the velocity distributions. When passing is forbidden, growing clusters are formed behind slow cars and the…
Traffic congestion is usually observed at the upper streams of bottlenecks such as tunnels. Congestion appears as stop-and-go waves and high density uniform flow. We perform simulations of traffic flow with a bottleneck using the coupled…
The unreal high flows may appear on the actually congested links in the result when a monotonically increasing link travel time function of flow volume is adopted in traffic assignment. The fixed link flow results of a static traffic…
We described the average traffic congestion in several populous cities around the world from a new concept, namely landscape percolation. The ratio of the residential area size to road width is a fundamental parameter that controls the…
While many classical traffic models treat the spatial extension of streets continuously or by discretization into cells of a certain length, we will subdivide roads into comparatively long homogeneous road sections of constant capacity with…
The congestion formation on a urban road network is one of the key issue for the development of a sustainable mobility in the future smart cities. In this work we propose a reductionist approach studying the stationary states of a simple…
We address here the issue of congestion in the modeling of crowd motion, in the non-smooth framework: contacts between people are not anticipated and avoided, they actually occur, and they are explicitly taken into account in the model. We…
Empirical and numerical microscopic features of moving traffic jams are presented. Based on a single vehicle data analysis, it is found that within wide moving jams, i.e., between the upstream and downstream jam fronts there is a complex…
Growing evidence suggests that the macroscopic functional states of urban road networks exhibit multistability and hysteresis, but microscopic mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that in real-world…
Traffic congestion continues to escalate with urbanization and socioeconomic development, necessitating advanced modeling to understand and mitigate its impacts. In large-scale networks, traffic congestion can be studied using cascade…
We study a model for freeway traffic which includes strong noise taking into account the fluctuations of individual driving behavior. The model shows emergent traffic jams with a self-similar appearance near the throughput maximum of the…
Since the subject of traffic dynamics has captured the interest of physicists, many astonishing effects have been revealed and explained. Some of the questions now understood are the following: Why are vehicles sometimes stopped by…
We study a single-lane traffic model that is based on human driving behavior. The outflow from a traffic jam self-organizes to a critical state of maximum throughput. Small perturbations of the outflow far downstream create emergent traffic…