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Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) is a challenging task that requires an agent to navigate in real-world environments by understanding natural language instructions and visual information received in real-time. Prior works have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Ting Wang , Zongkai Wu , Donglin Wang

A navigable agent needs to understand both high-level semantic instructions and precise spatial perceptions. Building navigation agents centered on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrates a promising solution due to their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zerui Li , Hongpei Zheng , Fangguo Zhao , Aidan Chan , Jian Zhou , Sihao Lin , Shijie Li , Qi Wu

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to follow natural-language instructions and navigate through previously unseen environments. Recent approaches increasingly employ large language models (LLMs) as high-level navigators…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Shutian Gu , Chengkai Huang , Ruoyu Wang , Lina Yao

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have gained impressive performance due to their outstanding capability in various understanding tasks. However, these models still suffer from some fundamental limitations related to robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Thanh-Dat Truong , Huu-Thien Tran , Tran Thai Son , Bhiksha Raj , Khoa Luu

While existing large vision-language multimodal models focus on whole image understanding, there is a prominent gap in achieving region-specific comprehension. Current approaches that use textual coordinates or spatial encodings often fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Mu Cai , Haotian Liu , Dennis Park , Siva Karthik Mustikovela , Gregory P. Meyer , Yuning Chai , Yong Jae Lee

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to navigate through complex unseen environments based on natural language instructions. However, existing methods often struggle to effectively capture key semantic cues and accurately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dongsheng Yang , Yinfeng Yu , Liejun Wang

With the rapid progress of foundation models and robotics, vision-language navigation (VLN) has emerged as a key task for embodied agents with broad practical applications. We address VLN in continuous environments, a particularly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Boqi Li , Siyuan Li , Weiyi Wang , Anran Li , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu

We explore the use of language as a perceptual representation for vision-and-language navigation (VLN), with a focus on low-data settings. Our approach uses off-the-shelf vision systems for image captioning and object detection to convert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Bowen Pan , Rameswar Panda , SouYoung Jin , Rogerio Feris , Aude Oliva , Phillip Isola , Yoon Kim

Vision-language navigation (VLN) is the task of navigating an embodied agent to carry out natural language instructions inside real 3D environments. In this paper, we study how to address three critical challenges for this task: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Xin Wang , Qiuyuan Huang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jianfeng Gao , Dinghan Shen , Yuan-Fang Wang , William Yang Wang , Lei Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have made them powerful tools in embodied navigation, enabling agents to leverage commonsense and spatial reasoning for efficient exploration in…

Existing aerial Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) methods predominantly adopt a detection-and-planning pipeline, which converts open-vocabulary detections into discrete textual scene graphs. These approaches are plagued by inadequate spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haoyu Tong , Xiangyu Dong , Xiaoguang Ma , Haoran Zhao , Yaoming Zhou , Chenghao Lin

Guiding users through complex procedural plans is an inherently multimodal task in which having visually illustrated plan steps is crucial to deliver an effective plan guidance. However, existing works on plan-following language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Diogo Glória-Silva , David Semedo , João Magalhães

Recent studies in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) train RL agents to execute natural-language navigation instructions in photorealistic environments, as a step towards robots that can follow human instructions. However, given the…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning on text and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are highly effective for visual perception, applying those models for visual instruction-based planning remains a widely open problem. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Mohamed Salim Aissi , Clemence Grislain , Mohamed Chetouani , Olivier Sigaud , Laure Soulier , Nicolas Thome

Current vision-language models (VLMs) show exceptional abilities across diverse tasks, such as visual question answering. To enhance user experience, recent studies have investigated VLM personalization to understand user-provided concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ruichuan An , Sihan Yang , Renrui Zhang , Ming Lu , Tianyi Jiang , Kai Zeng , Yulin Luo , Jiajun Cao , Hao Liang , Ying Chen , Qi She , Shanghang Zhang , Wentao Zhang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks such as Room-to-Room (R2R) require machine agents to interpret natural language instructions and learn to act in visually realistic environments to achieve navigation goals. The overall task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Haoshuo Huang , Vihan Jain , Harsh Mehta , Alexander Ku , Gabriel Magalhaes , Jason Baldridge , Eugene Ie

In Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN), an embodied agent needs to reach a target destination with the only guidance of a natural language instruction. To explore the environment and progress towards the target location, the agent must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Federico Landi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Massimiliano Corsini , Rita Cucchiara

In the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) field, agents are tasked with navigating real-world scenes guided by linguistic instructions. Enabling the agent to adhere to instructions throughout the process of navigation represents a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Wen Hanlin

Aligning visual features with language embeddings is a key challenge in vision-language models (VLMs). The performance of such models hinges on having a good connector that maps visual features generated by a vision encoder to a shared…

Navigating in unseen environments is crucial for mobile robots. Enhancing them with the ability to follow instructions in natural language will further improve navigation efficiency in unseen cases. However, state-of-the-art (SOTA)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chengguang Xu , Hieu T. Nguyen , Christopher Amato , Lawson L. S. Wong