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Existing speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) models fall into two camps: they either leverage text as an intermediate step or require hundreds of hours of parallel speech data. Both approaches are incompatible with textless languages or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Anuj Diwan , Anirudh Srinivasan , David Harwath , Eunsol Choi

Simultaneous speech-to-speech translation is widely useful but extremely challenging, since it needs to generate target-language speech concurrently with the source-language speech, with only a few seconds delay. In addition, it needs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Renjie Zheng , Mingbo Ma , Baigong Zheng , Kaibo Liu , Jiahong Yuan , Kenneth Church , Liang Huang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant success in Speech-to-Text Translation (S2TT) tasks. While most existing research has focused on English-centric translation directions, the exploration of many-to-many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yexing Du , Youcheng Pan , Ziyang Ma , Bo Yang , Yifan Yang , Keqi Deng , Xie Chen , Yang Xiang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

We study speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) that translates speech from one language into another language and focuses on building systems to support languages without standard text writing systems. We use English-Taiwanese Hokkien as a…

This paper introduces a parallel and asynchronous Transformer framework designed for efficient and accurate multilingual lip synchronization in real-time video conferencing systems. The proposed architecture integrates translation, speech…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Eren Caglar , Amirkia Rafiei Oskooei , Mehmet Kutanoglu , Mustafa Keles , Mehmet S. Aktas

Speech is one of the most effective means of communication and is full of information that helps the transmission of utterer's thoughts. However, mainly due to the cumbersome processing of acoustic features, phoneme or word posterior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Won Ik Cho , Donghyun Kwak , Ji Won Yoon , Nam Soo Kim

Imagine being in a crowded space where people speak a different language and having hearables that transform the auditory space into your native language, while preserving the spatial cues for all speakers. We introduce spatial speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Tuochao Chen , Qirui Wang , Runlin He , Shyam Gollakota

Joint speech-language training is challenging due to the large demand for training data and GPU consumption, as well as the modality gap between speech and language. We present ComSL, a speech-language model built atop a composite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Chenyang Le , Yao Qian , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Yanmin Qian , Michael Zeng , Xuedong Huang

In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective framework for multilingual end-to-end speech translation (ST), in which speech utterances in source languages are directly translated to the desired target languages with a universal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Hirofumi Inaguma , Kevin Duh , Tatsuya Kawahara , Shinji Watanabe

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters and pretrained on massive amounts of data are now capable of near or better than state-of-the-art performance in a variety of downstream natural language processing tasks. Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Victor Agostinelli , Max Wild , Matthew Raffel , Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad , Lizhong Chen

Simultaneous translation involves translating a sentence before the speaker's utterance is completed in order to realize real-time understanding in multiple languages. This task is significantly more challenging than the general full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Aizhan Imankulova , Masahiro Kaneko , Tosho Hirasawa , Mamoru Komachi

Simultaneous translation systems start producing the output while processing the partial source sentence in the incoming input stream. These systems need to decide when to read more input and when to write the output. These decisions depend…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Beomseok Lee , Sangha Kim , Chanwoo Kim

As Large Language Models (LLMs) expand beyond text, integrating speech as a native modality has given rise to SpeechLLMs, which directly process spoken language and enable speech-to-text translation (ST) and other downstream tasks,…

Despite its efficiency, there has been little research on the practical aspects required for real-world deployment of on-device AI models, such as the device's CPU utilization and thermal conditions. In this paper, through extensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jeiyoon Park , Daehwan Lee , Changmin Yeo , Yongshin Han , Minseop Kim

Simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) speeds up the translation process by starting to translate before the source sentence is completely available. It is difficult due to limited context and word order difference between languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Chih-Chiang Chang , Shun-Po Chuang , Hung-yi Lee

End-to-end Speech Translation (ST) aims to convert speech into target text within a unified model. The inherent differences between speech and text modalities often impede effective cross-modal and cross-lingual transfer. Existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yuhao Zhang , Kaiqi Kou , Bei Li , Chen Xu , Chunliang Zhang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Compositional speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) systems built upon speech large language models (SpeechLLMs) have recently shown promising performance. However, existing S2ST systems often either neglect source-language information or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yu Pan , Yang Hou , Xiongfei Wu , Liang Zhang , Yves Le Traon , Lei Ma , Jianjun Zhao

Auto-regressive speech-text models pre-trained on interleaved text tokens and discretized speech tokens demonstrate strong speech understanding and generation, yet remain substantially less compute-efficient than text LLMs, partly due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Yashesh Gaur , Wei Zhou , Benjamin Muller , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak , Luke Zettlemoyer , Gargi Ghosh , Mike Lewis , Srinivasan Iyer , Duc Le

In this paper, we propose a robust semantic communication system for speech transmission, named Ross-S2T, by delivering the essential semantic information. Specifically, we consider the speech-to-text translation (S2TT) as the transmission…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Zhenzi Weng , Zhijin Qin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Direct speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) translates speech from one language into another using a single model. However, due to the presence of linguistic and acoustic diversity, the target speech follows a complex multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Qingkai Fang , Yan Zhou , Yang Feng
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