Related papers: On the non-uniqueness of the energy-momentum and s…
Two formulations of relativistic hydrodynamics of particles with spin 1/2 are compared. The first approach, dubbed the canonical one, uses expressions for the energy-momentum and spin tensors that have properties that follow a direct…
We discuss a puzzle in relativistic spin hydrodynamics; in the previous formulation the spin source from the antisymmetric part of the canonical energy-momentum tensor (EMT) is crucial. The Belinfante improved EMT is pseudo-gauge…
The energy-momentum tensor of a ferromagnet derived according to the standard prescription of Noether's theorem has a major flaw: the term originating from the spin Berry phase is gauge-dependent. As a consequence, some physical quantities…
Two distinct energy-momentum tensors of the theory of weak gravity and spinor quantum mechanics are analyzed with respect to their four-divergence and expectation values of energy. The first energy-momentum tensor is obtained by a…
Multiple methods for deriving the energy-momentum tensor for a physical theory exist in the literature. The most common methods are to use Noether's first theorem with the 4-parameter Poincar\'{e} translation, or to write the action in a…
The energy-momentum and spin tensors for a given theory can be replaced by alternative expressions that obey the same conservation laws for the energy, linear momentum, as well as angular momentum but, however, differ by the local…
Local symmetry transformations play an important role for establishing the existence and form of a conserved (Noether) current in systems with a global continuous symmetry. We explain how this fact leads to the existence of linear relations…
In General Relativity, the issue of defining the gravitational energy contained in a given spatial region is still unresolved, except for particular cases of localized objects where the asymptotic flatness holds for a given spacetime. In…
Noether's first and second theorems both imply conserved currents that can be identified as an energy-momentum tensor (EMT). The first theorem identifies the EMT as the conserved current associated with global spacetime translations, while…
We present a new derivation of Israel-Stewart-like relativistic second-order dissipative spin hydrodynamic equations using the entropy current approach. In our analysis, we consider a general energy-momentum tensor with symmetric and…
We give a comprehensive review of various methods to define currents and the energy-momentum tensor in classical field theory, with emphasis on a geometric point of view. The necessity of ``improving'' the expressions provided by the…
Through symmetry of the action under global spacetime translations, Noether's first theorem infamously entails an energy-momentum tensor (EMT) that is neither symmetric nor gauge-invariant. In a prior work [Phys. Rev. D 106, 125012 (2022)],…
It is shown that using Noether's Theorem explicitly employing gauge invariance for variations of the electromagnetic four-potential $A^\mu$ straightforwardly ensures that the resulting electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor is symmetric.…
We discuss general properties of the conservation law associated with a local symmetry. Using Noether's theorem and a generalized Belinfante symmetrization procedure in 3+1 dimensions, a symmetric energy-momentum (pseudo) tensor for the…
We recently developed a local description of the energy, momentum and angular momentum carried by the linearized gravitational field, wherein the gravitational energy-momentum tensor displays positive energy-density and causal energy-flux,…
The relativistic treatment of spin is a fundamental subject which has an old history. In various physical contexts it is necessary to separate the relativistic total angular momentum into an orbital and spin contribution. However, such…
We give a new representation as tempered distribution for the energy-momentum tensor of a system of charged point-particles, which is free from divergent self-interactions, manifestly Lorentz-invariant and symmetric, and conserved. We…
We derive relativistic second-order dissipative fluid-dynamical equations of motion for massive spin-1/2 particles from kinetic theory using the method of moments. Besides the usual conservation laws for charge, energy, and momentum, such a…
The current paper is devoted to the investigation of the general form of the energy-momentum pseudotensor (pEMT) and the corresponding superpotential for the wide class of theories. The only requirement for such a theory is the general…
Quantum mechanics does not provide any ready recipe for defining energy density in space, since the energy and coordinate do not commute. To find a well-motivated energy density, we start from a possibly fundamental, relativistic…