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The Satisfiability (SAT) problem is a core challenge with significant applications in software engineering, including automated testing, configuration management, and program verification. This paper presents SolSearch, a novel framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Junjie Sheng , Yanqiu Lin , Jiehao Wu , Yanhong Huang , Jianqi Shi , Min Zhang , Xiangfeng Wang

This paper introduces the 2019 version of \us{}, a novel Constraint Programming framework for floating point verification problems expressed with the SMT language of SMTLIB. SMT solvers decompose their task by delegating to specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Heytem Zitoun , Claude Michel , Laurent Michel , Michel Rueher

The Exact Satisfiability problem, XSAT, is defined as the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a formula $\varphi$ in CNF such that exactly one literal in each clause is assigned to be "1" and the other literals in the same clause…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Gordon Hoi

ksmt is a CDCL-style calculus for solving non-linear constraints over real numbers involving polynomials and transcendental functions. In this paper we investigate properties of the ksmt calculus and show that it is a $\delta$-complete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Franz Brauße , Konstantin Korovin , Margarita V. Korovina , Norbert Th. Müller

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) is a famous NP-complete problem in computer science. An effective way for solving a satisfiable SAT problem is the stochastic local search (SLS). However, in this method, the initialization is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Wenjie Zhang , Zeyu Sun , Qihao Zhu , Ge Li , Shaowei Cai , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

Modern conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) SAT solvers are very good in solving conjunctive normal form (CNF) formulas. However, some application problems involve lots of parity (xor) constraints which are not necessarily efficiently…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-07-25 Tero Laitinen , Tommi Junttila , Ilkka Niemelä

This paper defines the (first-order) conflict resolution calculus: an extension of the resolution calculus inspired by techniques used in modern SAT-solvers. The resolution inference is restricted to (first-order) unit-propagation and the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-02-16 John Slaney , Bruno Woltzenlogel Paleo

We present a new extended resolution clause learning (ERCL) algorithm, implemented as part of a conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) SAT solver, wherein new variables are dynamically introduced as definitions for {\it Dual Implication…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Sam Buss , Jonathan Chung , Vijay Ganesh , Albert Oliveras

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have been enhanced by training on data that reflects human thought processes, such as the Chain-of-Thought format. However, evidence suggests that the conventional scheme of next-word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Quang Hieu Pham , Thuy Duong Nguyen , Tung Pham , Anh Tuan Luu , Dat Quoc Nguyen

Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) is a well-known optimization pro- blem, with several practical applications. The most widely known MAXS AT algorithms are ineffective at solving hard problems instances from practical application domains.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-12-10 Joao Marques-Silva , Jordi Planes

Modern CDCL SAT solvers learn clauses rapidly, and an important heuristic is the clause deletion scheme. Most current solvers have two (or more) stores of clauses. One has ``valuable'' clauses which are never deleted. Most learned clauses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Sima Jamali , David Mitchell

We consider the problem of solving floating-point constraints obtained from software verification. We present UppSAT --- a new implementation of a systematic approximation refinement framework [ZWR17] as an abstract SMT solver. Provided…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Aleksandar Zeljic , Peter Backeman , Christoph M. Wintersteiger , Philipp Ruemmer

Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT) is one of the core problems in computer science. As one of the fundamental NP-complete problems, it can be used - by known reductions - to represent instances of variety of hard decision problems.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Michał Karpiński

The use of machine learning methods helps to improve decision making in different fields. In particular, the idea of bridging predictions (machine learning models) and prescriptions (optimization problems) is gaining attention within the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Antonio Alcántara , Carlos Ruiz

Answering complex queries over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs) is a challenging job. Most previous works have focused on learning entity/relation embeddings and simulating first-order logic operators with various neural networks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tianle Xia , Liang Ding , Guojia Wan , Yibing Zhan , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

By the MAXSAT problem, we are given a set $V$ of $m$ variables and a collection $C$ of $n$ clauses over $V$, i.e., a conjunctive normal form ($\textit{CNF}$) formula. We will seek a truth assignment to maximize the number of satisfied…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yangjun Chen

The increasing advancements in the field of machine learning have led to the development of numerous applications that effectively address a wide range of problems with accurate predictions. However, in certain cases, accuracy alone may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Antônio Carlos Souza Ferreira Júnior , Thiago Alves Rocha

In computational complexity theory, a decision problem is NP-complete when it is both in NP and NP-hard. Although a solution to a NP-complete can be verified quickly, there is no known algorithm to solve it in polynomial time. There exists…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Wenxia Guo , Jin Wang , Majun He , Xiaoqin Ren , Wenhong Tian , Qingxian Wang

Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) refers to the problem of deciding the satisfiability of a formula with respect to certain background first order theories. In this paper, we focus on Satisfiablity Modulo Integer Arithmetic, which is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Shaowei Cai , Bohan Li , Xindi Zhang

The Exact Satisfiability problem, XSAT, is defined as the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a formula in CNF such that there is exactly one literal in each clause assigned to be 1 and the other literals in the same clause are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Gordon Hoi , Sanjay Jain , Frank Stephan