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Sim-to-real transfer of locomotion policies often leads to performance degradation due to the inevitable sim-to-real gap. Naively fine-tuning these policies directly on hardware is problematic, as it poses risks of mechanical failure and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Elham Daneshmand , Shafeef Omar , Glen Berseth , Majid Khadiv , Hsiu-Chin Lin

Complex manipulation tasks often require robots with complementary capabilities to collaborate. We introduce a benchmark for LanguagE-Conditioned Multi-robot MAnipulation (LEMMA) focused on task allocation and long-horizon object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Ran Gong , Xiaofeng Gao , Qiaozi Gao , Suhaila Shakiah , Govind Thattai , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Large Language Models (LLMs) are unable to reliably reason about specific physical systems. Attempts to imbue LLMs with knowledge of the necessary physics concepts have shown great promise, but explainability and validation remain open…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sean Memery , Kartic Subr

Recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs) have not only advanced natural language processing but also inspired their application in domains with structurally similar problems--most notably, autonomous driving motion generation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mingyi Wang , Jingke Wang , Tengju Ye , Junbo Chen , Kaicheng Yu

Dexterous manipulation has seen remarkable progress in recent years, with policies capable of executing many complex and contact-rich tasks in simulation. However, transferring these policies from simulation to real world remains a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Shuqi Zhao , Ke Yang , Yuxin Chen , Chenran Li , Yichen Xie , Xiang Zhang , Changhao Wang , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful and general solutions to many natural language tasks. However, many of the most important applications of language generation are interactive, where an agent has to talk to a person to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Joey Hong , Sergey Levine , Anca Dragan

Simulation-based reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced humanoid locomotion tasks, yet direct real-world RL from scratch or adapting from pretrained policies remains rare, limiting the full potential of humanoid robots.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Kaizhe Hu , Haochen Shi , Yao He , Weizhuo Wang , C. Karen Liu , Shuran Song

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proposal generators for evolutionary robot design, yet most loops remain memoryless: simulator results shape the next population but are not preserved as reusable design knowledge. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yunfei Wang , Xiaohao Xu , Yang Li , Xiaonan Huang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with control systems has demonstrated significant potential in various settings, such as task completion with a robotic manipulator. A main reason for this success is the ability of LLMs to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rahel Rickenbach , Bruce Lee , René Zurbrügg , Carmen Amo Alonso , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Recent studies have uncovered the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in addressing complex sequential decision-making tasks through the provision of high-level instructions. However, LLM-based agents lack specialization in tackling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zihao Zhou , Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Bin Liu

Robotic assembly is a longstanding challenge, requiring contact-rich interaction and high precision and accuracy. Many applications also require adaptivity to diverse parts, poses, and environments, as well as low cycle times. In other…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for robotic manipulation, but it can suffer from low sample efficiency and requires extensive exploration of large state-action spaces. Recent methods leverage the commonsense knowledge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jelle Luijkx , Runyu Ma , Zlatan Ajanović , Jens Kober

We present a framework for robot skill acquisition, which 1) efficiently scale up data generation of language-labelled robot data and 2) effectively distills this data down into a robust multi-task language-conditioned visuo-motor policy.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Huy Ha , Pete Florence , Shuran Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

Vision and learning have made significant progress that could improve robotics policies for complex tasks and environments. Learning deep neural networks for image understanding, however, requires large amounts of domain-specific visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Alexander Pashevich , Robin Strudel , Igor Kalevatykh , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid

Object pushing presents a key non-prehensile manipulation problem that is illustrative of more complex robotic manipulation tasks. While deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods have demonstrated impressive learning capabilities using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Max Yang , Yijiong Lin , Alex Church , John Lloyd , Dandan Zhang , David A. W. Barton , Nathan F. Lepora

This paper investigates using large language models (LLMs) to generate control actions directly, without requiring control-engineering expertise or hand-tuned algorithms. We implement several variants: (i) prompt-only, (ii) tool-assisted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Adil Rasheed , Oscar Ravik , Omer San

Learning visuomotor policies in simulation is much safer and cheaper than in the real world. However, due to discrepancies between the simulated and real data, simulator-trained policies often fail when transferred to real robots. One…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Ricardo Garcia , Robin Strudel , Shizhe Chen , Etienne Arlaud , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid

Defining reward functions for skill learning has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in defining reward signals for teaching robots manipulation skills. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kaifeng Zhang , Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Yang Gao

Several machine learning methods aim to learn or reason about complex physical systems. A common first-step towards reasoning is to infer system parameters from observations of its behavior. In this paper, we investigate the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Sean Memery , Mirella Lapata , Kartic Subr