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Multi-Label Online Continual Learning (MOCL) requires models to learn continuously from endless multi-label data streams, facing complex challenges including persistent catastrophic forgetting, potential missing labels, and uncontrollable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinrui Wang , Shao-yuan Li , Jiaqiang Zhang , Songcan Chen

When deployed in practical applications, computer vision systems will encounter numerous unexpected images (\emph{{i.e.}}, out-of-distribution data). Due to the potentially raised safety risks, these aforementioned unseen data should be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Sen Pei , Jiaxi Sun , Richard Yi Da Xu , Bin Fan , Shiming Xiang , Gaofeng Meng

Prior research on out-of-distribution detection (OoDD) has primarily focused on single-modality models. Recently, with the advent of large-scale pretrained vision-language models such as CLIP, OoDD methods utilizing such multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jeonghyeon Kim , Sangheum Hwang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for determining when a supervised model encounters inputs that differ meaningfully from its training distribution. While widely studied in classification, OOD detection for regression and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-16 Min Lu , Hemant Ishwaran

Detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) samples in real world visual applications like classification or object detection has become a necessary precondition in today's deployment of Deep Learning systems. Many techniques have been proposed, of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Abhishek Joshi , Sathish Chalasani , Kiran Nanjunda Iyer

As Deep Learning (DL) is continuously adopted in many safety critical applications, its quality and reliability start to raise concerns. Similar to the traditional software development process, testing the DL software to uncover its defects…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-07 David Berend

Addressing the Out-of-Distribution (OoD) segmentation task is a prerequisite for perception systems operating in an open-world environment. Large foundational models are frequently used in downstream tasks, however, their potential for OoD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Nazir Nayal , Youssef Shoeb , Fatma Güney

This paper presents a novel evaluation framework for Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection that aims to assess the performance of machine learning models in more realistic settings. We observed that the real-world requirements for testing OOD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , Mohammad Sabokrou

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has received much attention lately due to its importance in the safe deployment of neural networks. One of the key challenges is that models lack supervision signals from unknown data, and as a result,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Xuefeng Du , Zhaoning Wang , Mu Cai , Yixuan Li

While pre-trained large-scale deep models have garnered attention as an important topic for many downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such models often make unreliable predictions on out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. As such,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Nikhil Mehta , Lawrence Carin

Invariant risk minimization (IRM) aims to enable out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization in deep learning by learning invariant representations. As IRM poses an inherently challenging bi-level optimization problem, most existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Kotaro Yoshida , Konstantinos Slavakis

When deploying machine learning models in high-stakes real-world environments such as health care, it is crucial to accurately assess the uncertainty concerning a model's prediction on abnormal inputs. However, there is a scarcity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Dennis Ulmer , Lotta Meijerink , Giovanni Cinà

Near out-of-distribution detection (OODD) aims at discriminating semantically similar data points without the supervision required for classification. This paper puts forward an OODD use case for radar targets detection extensible to other…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-06 Martin Bauw , Santiago Velasco-Forero , Jesus Angulo , Claude Adnet , Olivier Airiau

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can be divided into two classes: model-free algorithms, which are sample-inefficient, and model-based algorithms, which suffer from model bias. Dyna-style algorithms combine these two approaches by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yansong Li , Zeyu Dong , Ertai Luo , Yu Wu , Shuo Wu , Shuo Han

This paper addresses maximum likelihood (ML) estimation based model fitting in the context of extrasolar planet detection. This problem is featured by the following properties: 1) the candidate models under consideration are highly…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-24 Bin Liu , Ke-Jia Chen

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is crucial to the safe deployment of a classifier in the real world. However, deep neural networks are known to be overconfident for abnormal data. Existing works directly design score function by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Wenyu Jiang , Yuxin Ge , Hao Cheng , Mingcai Chen , Shuai Feng , Chongjun Wang

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) leverages practical open-set unlabeled data, comprising both in-distribution (ID) samples from seen classes and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples from unseen classes, for semi-supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zerun Wang , Liuyu Xiang , Lang Huang , Jiafeng Mao , Ling Xiao , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Recently, utilizing reinforcement learning (RL) to generate molecules with desired properties has been highlighted as a promising strategy for drug design. A molecular docking program - a physical simulation that estimates protein-small…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-28 Soojung Yang , Doyeong Hwang , Seul Lee , Seongok Ryu , Sung Ju Hwang

The increased computerization in recent years has resulted in the production of a variety of different software, however measures need to be taken to ensure that the produced software isn't defective. Many researchers have worked in this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Param Khakhar and , Rahul Kumar Dubey

Partial label learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning framework, where each training instance is associated with a candidate label set, among which only one label is valid. To solve PLL problems, typically methods try to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Bo-Shi Zou , Ming-Kun Xie , Sheng-Jun Huang