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This paper introduces an approach to endow generative diffusion processes the ability to satisfy and certify compliance with constraints and physical principles. The proposed method recast the traditional sampling process of generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jacob K Christopher , Stephen Baek , Ferdinando Fioretto

Conditional generative models typically demand large annotated training sets to achieve high-quality synthesis. As a result, there has been significant interest in designing models that perform plug-and-play generation, i.e., to use a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Anoop Cherian , Suhas Lohit , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Vishal M. Patel , Tim K. Marks

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, with guidance techniques playing a crucial role in enhancing sample quality. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-05 Gen Li , Yuchen Jiao

Diffusion models have demonstrated significant promise in various generative tasks; however, they often struggle to satisfy challenging constraints. Our approach addresses this limitation by rethinking training-free loss-guided diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 William Huang , Yifeng Jiang , Tom Van Wouwe , C. Karen Liu

Discrete diffusion models (DMs) have achieved strong performance in language and other discrete domains, offering a compelling alternative to autoregressive modeling. Yet this performance typically depends on large training datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Julian Kleutgens , Claudio Battiloro , Lingkai Kong , Benjamin Grewe , Francesca Dominici , Mauricio Tec

This paper explores the challenges and benefits of a trainable destruction process in diffusion samplers -- diffusion-based generative models trained to sample an unnormalised density without access to data samples. Contrary to the majority…

Given an unconditional generative model and a predictor for a target property (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. As a highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haowei Lin , Shanda Li , Haotian Ye , Yiming Yang , Stefano Ermon , Yitao Liang , Jianzhu Ma

Diffusion models benefit from instillation of task-specific information into the score function to steer the sample generation towards desired properties. Such information is coined as guidance. For example, in text-to-image synthesis, text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuchen Wu , Minshuo Chen , Zihao Li , Mengdi Wang , Yuting Wei

The de novo generation of molecules with targeted properties is crucial in biology, chemistry, and drug discovery. Current generative models are limited to using single property values as conditions, struggling with complex customizations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yanchen Luo , Junfeng Fang , Sihang Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Jiancan Wu , An Zhang , Wenjie Du , Xiang Wang

Generative models, such as GANs and diffusion models, have been used to augment training sets and boost performances in different tasks. We focus on generative models for cell detection instead, i.e., locating and classifying cells in given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Chen Li , Xiaoling Hu , Shahira Abousamra , Meilong Xu , Chao Chen

Negative Prompting (NP) is widely utilized in diffusion models, particularly in text-to-image applications, to prevent the generation of undesired features. In this paper, we show that conventional NP is limited by the assumption of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Felix Koulischer , Johannes Deleu , Gabriel Raya , Thomas Demeester , Luca Ambrogioni

This paper presents an evolvable conditional diffusion method such that black-box, non-differentiable multi-physics models, as are common in domains like computational fluid dynamics and electromagnetics, can be effectively used for guiding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Zhao Wei , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Jian Cheng Wong , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Sheares Xue Wen Toh , Yew-Soon Ong

Text-conditioned diffusion models can generate impressive images, but fall short when it comes to fine-grained control. Unlike direct-editing tools like Photoshop, text conditioned models require the artist to perform "prompt engineering,"…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Michelle Shu , Charles Herrmann , Richard Strong Bowen , Forrester Cole , Ramin Zabih

Diffusion models typically generate data through a fixed denoising trajectory that is shared across all samples. However, generation targets can differ in complexity, suggesting that a single pre-defined diffusion process may not be optimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yucheng Xing , Xiaodong Liu , Xin Wang

Can standard continuous-time generative models represent distributions whose support is an extremely sparse, globally constrained discrete set? We study this question using completed Sudoku grids as a controlled testbed, treating them as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Mariia Drozdova

Diffusion models form an important class of generative models today, accounting for much of the state of the art in cutting edge AI research. While numerous extensions beyond image and video generation exist, few of such approaches address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

We explore the problem of generating minority samples using diffusion models. The minority samples are instances that lie on low-density regions of a data manifold. Generating a sufficient number of such minority instances is important,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Soobin Um , Suhyeon Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Current language models demonstrate remarkable proficiency in text generation. However, for many applications it is desirable to control attributes, such as sentiment, or toxicity, of the generated language -- ideally tailored towards each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Justin Lovelace , Varsha Kishore , Yiwei Chen , Kilian Q. Weinberger

For domains that involve numerical simulation, it can be computationally expensive to run an ensemble of simulations spanning a parameter space of interest to a user. To this end, an attractive surrogate for simulation is the generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Xiaohan Wang , Matthew Berger

Guidance in conditional diffusion generation is of great importance for sample quality and controllability. However, existing guidance schemes are to be desired. On one hand, mainstream methods such as classifier guidance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jiajun Ma , Tianyang Hu , Wenjia Wang , Jiacheng Sun