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Medical Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a multi-modal challenging task widely considered by research communities of the computer vision and natural language processing. Since most current medical VQA models focus on visual content,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Haiwei Pan , Shuning He , Kejia Zhang , Bo Qu , Chunling Chen , Kun Shi

Vision-language models (VLMs) lag behind text-only language models on mathematical reasoning when the same problems are presented as images rather than text. We empirically characterize this as a modality gap: the same question in text form…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Saeed Khaki , Ashudeep Singh , Nima Safaei , Kamal Ginotra

Recent advances in large language models elicit reasoning in a chain-of-thought that allows models to decompose problems in a human-like fashion. Though this paradigm improves multi-step reasoning ability in language models, it is limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Daniel Rose , Vaishnavi Himakunthala , Andy Ouyang , Ryan He , Alex Mei , Yujie Lu , Michael Saxon , Chinmay Sonar , Diba Mirza , William Yang Wang

This work deals with the challenge of learning and reasoning over language and vision data for the related downstream tasks such as visual question answering (VQA) and natural language for visual reasoning (NLVR). We design a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Chen Zheng , Quan Guo , Parisa Kordjamshidi

We present M$^3$-VQA, a novel knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmark, to enhance the evaluation of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in fine-grained multimodal entity understanding and complex multi-hop reasoning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jiatong Ma , Longteng Guo , Yuchen Liu , Zijia Zhao , Dongze Hao , Xuanxu Lin , Jing Liu

Visual question answering (VQA) is a task that combines both the techniques of computer vision and natural language processing. It requires models to answer a text-based question according to the information contained in a visual. In recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yeyun Zou , Qiyu Xie

Exploiting relationships between visual regions and question words have achieved great success in learning multi-modality features for Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, we argue that existing methods mostly model relations between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Peng Gao , Haoxuan You , Zhanpeng Zhang , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Multi-modal reasoning requires the seamless integration of visual and linguistic cues, yet existing Chain-of-Thought methods suffer from two critical limitations in cross-modal scenarios: (1) over-reliance on single coarse-grained image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Wenting Lu , Didi Zhu , Tao Shen , Donglin Zhu , Ayong Ye , Chao Wu

Complex visual reasoning and question answering (VQA) is a challenging task that requires compositional multi-step processing and higher-level reasoning capabilities beyond the immediate recognition and localization of objects and events.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Shantanu Jaiswal , Debaditya Roy , Basura Fernando , Cheston Tan

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often lack integrated commonsense knowledge, limiting their robustness in real-world scenarios. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shuo Yang , Siwen Luo , Soyeon Caren Han , Eduard Hovy

Visual question answering (VQA) has been gaining a lot of traction in the machine learning community in the recent years due to the challenges posed in understanding information coming from multiple modalities (i.e., images, language). In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Muralikrishnna G. Sethuraman , Ali Payani , Faramarz Fekri , J. Clayton Kerce

Zero-shot Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a prominent vision-language task that examines both the visual and textual understanding capability of systems in the absence of training data. Recently, by converting the images into captions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yunshi Lan , Xiang Li , Xin Liu , Yang Li , Wei Qin , Weining Qian

Visual reasoning tasks such as visual question answering (VQA) require an interplay of visual perception with reasoning about the question semantics grounded in perception. However, recent advances in this area are still primarily driven by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Saeed Amizadeh , Hamid Palangi , Oleksandr Polozov , Yichen Huang , Kazuhito Koishida

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenging task that has received increasing attention from both the computer vision and the natural language processing communities. Given an image and a question in natural language, it requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Qi Wu , Damien Teney , Peng Wang , Chunhua Shen , Anthony Dick , Anton van den Hengel

Visual question answering (VQA) is challenging because it requires a simultaneous understanding of both the visual content of images and the textual content of questions. The approaches used to represent the images and questions in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Zhou Yu , Jun Yu , Jianping Fan , Dacheng Tao

This paper addresses the task of video question answering (videoQA) via a decomposed multi-stage, modular reasoning framework. Previous modular methods have shown promise with a single planning stage ungrounded in visual content. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Juhong Min , Shyamal Buch , Arsha Nagrani , Minsu Cho , Cordelia Schmid

Visual reasoning models (VRMs) have recently shown strong cross-modal reasoning capabilities by integrating visual perception with language reasoning. However, they often suffer from overthinking, producing unnecessarily long reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yixu Huang , Tinghui Zhu , Muhao Chen

Visual understanding requires interpreting both natural scenes and the textual information that appears within them, motivating tasks such as Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, current VQA benchmarks overlook scenarios with visually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jianing An , Luyang Jiang , Jie Luo , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to retrieve target images based on a reference image and modified texts. However, existing methods often struggle to extract the correct semantic cues from the reference image that best reflect the user's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Xuri Ge , Chunhao Wang , Xindi Wang , Zheyun Qin , Zhumin Chen , Xin Xin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a core paradigm in document question answering tasks. However, existing methods have limitations when dealing with multimodal documents: one category of methods relies on layout analysis and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Wang Chen , Wenhan Yu , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Yang Li , Lei Sha , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang