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Oscillator-based Ising/Potts machines (OIMs/OPMs) are promising hardware accelerators for NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems using coupled oscillator synchronization dynamics. Analog OIMs/OPMs offer speed advantages but have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yilmaz Ege Gonul , Baris Taskin

Combinatorial optimization problems are ubiquitous in industrial applications. However, finding optimal or close-to-optimal solutions can often be extremely hard. Because some of these problems can be mapped to the ground-state search of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Junpeng Hou , Amin Barzegar , Helmut G. Katzgraber

The coherent Ising machine (CIM) enables efficient sampling of low-lying energy states of the Ising Hamiltonian with all-to-all connectivity by encoding the spins in the amplitudes of pulsed modes in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-22 Egor S. Tiunov , Alexander E. Ulanov , A. I. Lvovsky

Optical computing often employs tailor-made hardware to implement specific algorithms, trading generality for improved performance in key aspects like speed and power efficiency. An important computing approach that is still missing its…

Ising machines can solve combinatorial optimization problems by representing them as energy minimization problems. A common implementation is the probabilistic Ising machine (PIM), which uses probabilistic (p-) bits to represent coupled…

In this study, we address the challenge of low-rank model compression in the context of in-memory computing (IMC) architectures. Traditional pruning approaches, while effective in model size reduction, necessitate additional peripheral…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kang Eun Jeon , Johnny Rhe , Jong Hwan Ko

A new technique is demonstrated for carrying out exact positive-P phase-space simulations of the coherent Ising machine quantum computer. By suitable design of the coupling matrix, general hard optimization problems can be solved. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-09 Simon Kiesewetter , Peter D Drummond

Domain-specific hardware to solve computationally hard optimization problems has generated tremendous excitement. Here, we evaluate probabilistic bit (p-bit) based Ising Machines (IM) on the 3-regular 3-Exclusive OR Satisfiability (3R3X),…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Srijan Nikhar , Sidharth Kannan , Navid Anjum Aadit , Shuvro Chowdhury , Kerem Y. Camsari

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) is a novel optical imaging technique by replacing the pixelated sensor array in a conventional camera with a single-pixel detector. In previous works, SPI is usually used for capturing object images or performing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Wei Huang , Jiaxiang Li , Shuming Jiao , Zibang Zhang

Finding the ground states of the Ising Hamiltonian [1] maps to various combinatorial optimization problems in biology, medicine, wireless communications, artificial intelligence, and social network. So far no efficient classical and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-30 Alireza Marandi , Zhe Wang , Kenta Takata , Robert L. Byer , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Conventional computing architectures have no known efficient algorithms for combinatorial optimization tasks, which are encountered in fundamental areas and real-world practical problems including logistics, social networks, and…

A coherent Ising machine (CIM) is a network of optical parametric oscillators (OPOs), in which the "strongest" collective mode of oscillation at well above threshold corresponds to an optimum solution of a given Ising problem. When a pump…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Y. Yamamoto , T. Leleu , S. Ganguli , H. Mabuchi

We introduce a problem class we call Polynomial Constraint Satisfaction Problems, or PCSP. Where the usual CSPs from computer science and optimization have real-valued score functions, and partition functions from physics have monomials,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-01-14 Alexander D. Scott , Gregory B. Sorkin

Analog Ising machines (IMs) occupy an increasingly prominent area of computer architecture research, offering high-quality and low latency/energy solutions to intractable computing tasks. However, IMs have a fixed capacity, with little to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Matthew X. Burns , Michael C. Huang

Ising machines (IMs) are specialized devices designed to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). They consist of artificial spins that evolve towards a low-energy configuration representing a problem's solution. Most…

The ever increasing demand for computational power combined with the predicted plateau for the miniaturization of existing silicon-based technologies has made the search for low power alternatives an industrial and scientifically engaging…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Victor H. González , Artem Litvinenko , Akash Kumar , Roman Khymyn , Johan Åkerman

Oscillator-based Ising machines (OIMs) and oscillator-based Potts machines (OPMs) have emerged as promising hardware accelerators for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging the phase dynamics of coupled…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yilmaz Ege Gonul , Ceyhun Efe Kayan , Ilknur Mustafazade , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Baris Taskin

Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs) and probabilistic bit (p-bit)-based computing platforms have emerged as promising paradigms for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems. Although traditionally viewed as distinct approaches,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 E. M. Hasantha Ekanayake , Nikhat Khan , Nikhil Shukla

Computational workloads are growing exponentially, driving power consumption to unsustainable levels. Efficiently distributing large-scale networks is an NP-Complete problem equivalent to Boolean satisfiability (SAT), making it one of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Everest Bloomer , Irem Didin , Ching-Yi Lin , Sahil Shah

Ising machines are specialized computers for finding the lowest energy states of Ising spin models, onto which many practical combinatorial optimization problems can be mapped. Simulated bifurcation (SB) is a quantum-inspired parallelizable…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Tomoya Kashimata , Masaya Yamasaki , Ryo Hidaka , Kosuke Tatsumura