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Debugging software remains a labor-intensive and time-consuming process despite advances in testing and verification. Learning-based automated program repair (APR) has shown promise in reducing the effort of manually fixing bugs. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Reza Gharibi , Mohammad Hadi Sadreddini , Seyed Mostafa Fakhrahmad

Various automated program repair (APR) techniques have been proposed to fix bugs automatically in the last decade. Although recent researches have made significant progress on the effectiveness and efficiency, it is still unclear how APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Quanjun Zhang , Yuan Zhao , Weisong Sun , Chunrong Fang , Ziyuan Wang , Lingming Zhang

[...] Since then, various APR approaches, especially those leveraging the power of large language models (LLMs), have been rapidly developed to fix general software bugs. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these advanced techniques in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Anh Ho , Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Christine Rizkallah

In recent years, Automated Program Repair (APR) has been extensively studied in academia and even drawn wide attention from industry. However, APR techniques can be extremely time consuming since (1) a large number of patches can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yiling Lou , Jun Yang , Samuel Benton , Dan Hao , Lin Tan , Zhenpeng Chen , Lu Zhang , Lingming Zhang

Automated program repair (APR) aims to fix software bugs automatically without human debugging efforts and plays a crucial role in software development and maintenance. Despite promising, APR is still challenged by a long-standing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Weisong Sun , Yan Liu , Tieke He , Xiaodong Hao , Zhenyu Chen

Automatic program repair (APR) is crucial to reduce manual debugging efforts for developers and improve software reliability. While conventional search-based techniques typically rely on heuristic rules or a redundancy assumption to mine…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Weishi Wang , Yue Wang , Shafiq Joty , Steven C. H. Hoi

Due to the promising future of Automated Program Repair (APR), researchers have proposed various APR techniques, including heuristic-based, template-based, and constraint-based techniques. Among such classic APR techniques, template-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Lingming Zhang

Background: Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved the accuracy of automated program repair (APR) methods. However, LLMs are constrained by high computational resource requirements. Aims: We focus on small language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Kazuki Kusama , Honglin Shu , Masanari Kondo , Yasutaka Kamei

Students often make mistakes on their introductory programming assignments as part of their learning process. Unfortunately, providing custom repairs for these mistakes can require a substantial amount of time and effort from class…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Jialu Zhang , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Vu Le , Ruzica Piskac , Gustavo Soares , Gust Verbruggen

Automated program repair (APR) aims to fix software bugs without human intervention and template-based APR has been widely investigated with promising results. However, it is challenging for template-based APR to select the appropriate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Tongke Zhang , Bowen Yu , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been gaining increasing attention and demonstrated promising performance across a variety of Software Engineering (SE) tasks, such as Automated Program Repair (APR), code summarization, and code completion.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Quanjun Zhang , Tongke Zhang , Juan Zhai , Chunrong Fang , Bowen Yu , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen

In recent years, Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques specifically designed for quantum programs have been proposed. However, existing approaches often suffer from low repair success rates or poor understandability of the generated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chihiro Yoshida , Yuta Ishimoto , Olivier Nourry , Masanari Kondo , Makoto Matsushita , Yasutaka Kamei , Yoshiki Higo

Automated Program Repair (APR) is a vital area in software engineering aimed at generating automatic patches for vulnerable programs. While numerous techniques have been proposed for repairing classical programs, the realm of quantum…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Xiaoyu Guo , Jianjun Zhao , Pengzhan Zhao

Automated program repair has emerged as a powerful technique to mitigate the impact of software bugs on system reliability and user experience. This paper introduces RepairAgent, the first work to address the program repair challenge…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Islem Bouzenia , Premkumar Devanbu , Michael Pradel

LLMs have garnered considerable attention for their potential to streamline Automated Program Repair (APR). LLM-based approaches can either insert the correct code or directly generate patches when provided with buggy methods. However, most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qiong Feng , Xiaotian Ma , Jiayi Sheng , Ziyuan Feng , Wei Song , Peng Liang

Learning-based program repair has achieved good results in a recent series of papers. Yet, we observe that the related work fails to repair some bugs because of a lack of knowledge about 1) the application domain of the program being…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-20 He Ye , Matias Martinez , Xiapu Luo , Tao Zhang , Martin Monperrus

Automated program repair (APR) tools have unlocked the potential for the rapid rectification of codebase issues. However, to encourage wider adoption of program repair in practice, it is necessary to address the usability concerns related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-20 David Williams , James Callan , Serkan Kirbas , Sergey Mechtaev , Justyna Petke , Thomas Prideaux-Ghee , Federica Sarro

In this paper, we first show that increases in beam size, even for small-sized LLMs (1B-7B params), require extensive GPU usage, leading to up to 80% of recurring crashes due to memory overloads in LLM-based APR. Seemingly simple solutions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Toby Murray

Correcting bugs using modern Automated Program Repair (APR) can be both time-consuming and resource-expensive. We describe a program repair approach that aims to improve the scalability of modern APR tools. The approach leverages program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Linas Vidziunas , David Binkley , Leon Moonen

Automated Program Repair (APR) plays a critical role in enhancing the quality and reliability of software systems. While substantial progress has been made in Java-based APR, largely facilitated by benchmarks like Defects4J, there remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jian Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Qiang Hu , Shangqing Liu , Jiongchi Yu , Jiaolong Kong , Yi Li