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Clustering is an essential data mining tool for analyzing and grouping similar objects. In big data applications, however, many clustering algorithms are infeasible due to their high memory requirements and/or unfavorable runtime…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Gregor Ulm , Simon Smith , Adrian Nilsson , Emil Gustavsson , Mats Jirstrand

This paper focuses on obtaining clustering information about a distribution from its i.i.d. samples. We develop theoretical results to understand and use clustering information contained in the eigenvectors of data adjacency matrices based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-11-20 Tao Shi , Mikhail Belkin , Bin Yu

In this paper we present a novel method to identify and characterize stellar clusters deeply embedded in a dark molecular cloud. The method is based on measuring stellar surface density in wide-field infrared images using star counting…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Marco Lombardi , Charles J. Lada , Joao Alves

Clustering algorithms are often used to find subpopulations in exploratory data analysis workflows. Not only the clusters themselves, but also their shape can represent meaningful subpopulations. In this paper, we present FLASC, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 D. M. Bot , J. Peeters , J. Liesenborgs , J. Aerts

In this paper we propose a framework inspired by interacting particle physics and devised to perform clustering on multidimensional datasets. To this end, any given dataset is modeled as an interacting particle system, under the assumption…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-07-26 Giuliano Armano , Marco Alberto Javarone

This paper addresses the problem of unsupervised object localization in an image. Unlike previous supervised and weakly supervised algorithms that require bounding box or image level annotations for training classifiers in order to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Aditya Vora , Shanmuganathan Raman

Object retrieval and classification in point cloud data is challenged by noise, irregular sampling density and occlusion. To address this issue, we propose a point pair descriptor that is robust to noise and occlusion and achieves high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Dmytro Bobkov , Sili Chen , Ruiqing Jian , Muhammad Iqbal , Eckehard Steinbach

Clustering analysis identifies samples as groups based on either their mutual closeness or homogeneity. In order to detect clusters in arbitrary shapes, a novel and generic solution based on boundary erosion is proposed. The clusters are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Cheng-Hao Deng , Wan-Lei Zhao

Big data often has emergent structure that exists at multiple levels of abstraction, which are useful for characterizing complex interactions and dynamics of the observations. Here, we consider multiple levels of abstraction via a…

We present a novel probabilistic clustering model for objects that are represented via pairwise distances and observed at different time points. The proposed method utilizes the information given by adjacent time points to find the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-16 Julia E. Vogt , Marius Kloft , Stefan Stark , Sudhir S. Raman , Sandhya Prabhakaran , Volker Roth , Gunnar Rätsch

Clustering is a widely used unsupervised learning method for finding structure in the data. However, the resulting clusters are typically presented without any guarantees on their robustness; slightly changing the used data sample or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-02 Andreas Henelius , Kai Puolamäki , Henrik Boström , Panagiotis Papapetrou

Point cloud analysis (such as 3D segmentation and detection) is a challenging task, because of not only the irregular geometries of many millions of unordered points, but also the great variations caused by depth, viewpoint, occlusion, etc.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Tuo Feng , Wenguan Wang , Xiaohan Wang , Yi Yang , Qinghua Zheng

Modern radio interferometers deliver large volumes of data containing high-sensitivity sky maps over wide fields-of-view. These large area observations can contain various and superposed structures such as point sources, extended objects,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-05 Richard Fuchs , Jakob Knollmüller , Jakob Roth , Vincent Eberle , Philipp Frank , Torsten A. Enßlin , Lukas Heinrich

3D perception in point clouds is transforming the perception ability of future intelligent machines. Point cloud algorithms, however, are plagued by irregular memory accesses, leading to massive inefficiencies in the memory sub-system,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Yu Feng , Gunnar Hammonds , Yiming Gan , Yuhao Zhu

We consider the problem of clustering datasets in the presence of arbitrary outliers. Traditional clustering algorithms such as k-means and spectral clustering are known to perform poorly for datasets contaminated with even a small number…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-02 Prateek R. Srivastava , Purnamrita Sarkar , Grani A. Hanasusanto

Clustering high-dimensional spatiotemporal data using an unsupervised approach is a challenging problem for many data-driven applications. Existing state-of-the-art methods for unsupervised clustering use different similarity and distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Omar Faruque , Francis Ndikum Nji , Mostafa Cham , Rohan Mandar Salvi , Xue Zheng , Jianwu Wang

Clustering large, mixed data is a central problem in data mining. Many approaches adopt the idea of k-means, and hence are sensitive to initialisation, detect only spherical clusters, and require a priori the unknown number of clusters. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-13 Joshua Tobin , Mimi Zhang

Radar-based object detection is essential for autonomous driving due to radar's long detection range. However, the sparsity of radar point clouds, especially at long range, poses challenges for accurate detection. Existing methods increase…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuval Haitman , Oded Bialer

Clouds play an important role in the Earth's energy budget and their behavior is one of the largest uncertainties in future climate projections. Satellite observations should help in understanding cloud responses, but decades and petabytes…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Takuya Kurihana , Elisabeth Moyer , Ian Foster

DBSCAN and OPTICS are powerful algorithms for identifying clusters of points in domains where few assumptions can be made about the structure of the data. In this paper, we leverage these strengths and introduce a new algorithm, LINSCAN,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Andrew Dennehy , Xiaoyu Zou , Shabnam J. Semnani , Yuri Fialko , Alexander Cloninger