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Contextuality has been identified as a potential resource responsible for the quantum advantage in several tasks. It is then necessary to develop a resource-theoretic framework for contextuality, both in its standard and generalized forms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Cristhiano Duarte , Barbara Amaral

Generalized contextuality refers to our inability of explaining measurement statistics using a context-independent probabilistic and ontological model. On the other hand, measurement statistics can also be modeled using the framework of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Farid Shahandeh

We employ the resource theory of generalized contextuality as a tool for analyzing the structure of prepare-and-measure scenarios. We argue that this framework simplifies proofs of quantum contextuality in complex scenarios and strengthens…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Rafael Wagner , Roberto D. Baldijão , Alisson Tezzin , Bárbara Amaral

To make precise the sense in which the operational predictions of quantum theory conflict with a classical worldview, it is necessary to articulate a notion of classicality within an operational framework. A widely applicable notion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 David Schmid , John Selby , Elie Wolfe , Ravi Kunjwal , Robert W. Spekkens

Resource theories constitute a powerful theoretical framework and a tool that captures, in an abstract structure, pragmatic aspects of the most varied theories and processes. For physical theories, while this framework deals directly with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-10 Tiago Santos , Barbara Amaral

It is useful to have a criterion for when the predictions of an operational theory should be considered classically explainable. Here we take the criterion to be that the theory admits of a generalized-noncontextual ontological model.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 David Schmid , John H. Selby , Matthew F. Pusey , Robert W. Spekkens

Identifying when observed statistics cannot be explained by any reasonable classical model is a central problem in quantum foundations. A principled and universally applicable approach to defining and identifying nonclassicality is given by…

We present a general theory of series-parallel mental architectures with selectively influenced stochastically non-independent components. A mental architecture is a hypothetical network of processes aimed at performing a task, of which we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-22 Ru Zhang , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

In addition to the important role of contextuality in foundations of quantum theory, this intrinsically quantum property has been identified as a potential resource for quantum advantage in different tasks. It is thus of fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Barbara Amaral

Generalized noncontextuality is a well-studied notion of classicality that is applicable to a single system, as opposed to Bell locality. It relies on representing operationally indistinguishable procedures identically in an ontological…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Victor Gitton , Mischa P. Woods

Resource theories provide a general framework for the characterization of properties of physical systems in quantum mechanics and beyond. Here, we introduce methods for the quantification of resources in general probabilistic theories…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-19 Ludovico Lami , Bartosz Regula , Ryuji Takagi , Giovanni Ferrari

A possible notion of nonclassicality for single systems can be defined on the basis of the notion of memory cost of classically simulating probabilities observed in a temporal sequence of measurements. We further explore this idea in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-16 Costantino Budroni , Gabriel Fagundes , Matthias Kleinmann

This paper provides a systematic yet accessible presentation of the Contextuality-by-Default theory. The consideration is confined to finite systems of categorical random variables, which allows us to focus on the basics of the theory…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala

Generalized contextuality is a possible indicator of non-classical behaviour in quantum information theory. In finite-dimensional systems, this is justified by the fact that noncontextual theories can be embedded into some simplex, i.e.…

Contextuality has been conjectured to be a super-classical resource for quantum computation, analogous to the role of non-locality as a super-classical resource for communication. We show that the presence of contextuality places a lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-23 Angela Karanjai , Joel J. Wallman , Stephen D. Bartlett

Contextuality is usually defined as absence of a joint distribution for a set of measurements (random variables) with known joint distributions of some of its subsets. However, if these subsets of measurements are not disjoint,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-05 Ehtibar Dzhafarov , Janne Kujala

Document ranking based on probabilistic evaluations of relevance is known to exhibit non-classical correlations, which may be explained by admitting a complex structure of the event space, namely, by assuming the events to emerge from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-05-28 Roman Zapatrin

An empirical model is a generalization of a probability space. It consists of a simplicial complex of subsets of a class X of random variables such that each simplex has an associated probability distribution. The ensuing marginalizations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Rodrigo Iglesias , Fernando Tohmé , Marcelo Auday

We introduce a hierarchy of semidefinite relaxations of the set of quantum correlations in generalised contextuality scenarios. This constitutes a simple and versatile tool for bounding the magnitude of quantum contextuality. To illustrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-07 Armin Tavakoli , Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro , Roope Uola , Alastair A. Abbott

Quantum contextuality is one of the most recognized resources in quantum communication and computing scenarios. We provide a new quantifier of this resource, the rank of contextuality (RC). We define RC as the minimum number of…

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