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Stellar rotation is a crucial parameter driving stellar magnetism, activity and mixing of chemical elements. Furthermore, the evolution of stellar rotation is coupled to the evolution of circumstellar disks. Disk-braking mechanisms are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Patrick Weise , Ralf Launhardt , Johny Setiawan , Thomas Henning

A high number of embedded clusters is found in the Galaxy. Depending on the formation scenario, most of them can evolve to unbounded groups that are dissolved within a few tens of Myr. A systematic study of young stellar clusters showing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Santos-Silva , J. Gregorio-Hetem

We present a catalogue of distances, masses and ages for $\sim3$ million stars in the second Gaia data release with spectroscopic parameters available from the large spectroscopic surveys: APOGEE, Gaia-ESO, GALAH, LAMOST, RAVE and SEGUE. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-24 Jason L. Sanders , Payel Das

The Vela OB2 association is a group of 10 Myr stars exhibiting a complex spatial and kinematic substructure. The all-sky Gaia DR2 catalogue contains proper motions, parallaxes (a proxy for distance) and photometry that allow us to separate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-23 T. Cantat-Gaudin , M. Mapelli , L. Balaguer-Núñez , C. Jordi , G. Sacco , A. Vallenari

It is still unclear how common the Sun is when compared to other similar stars in regards to some of its physical properties, such as rotation. Considering that gyrochronology relations are widely used today to estimate ages of stars in the…

The past two decades have seen dramatic progress in our knowledge of the population of young stars of age $< 200\,$Myr that lie within $150\,$pc of the Sun. These nearby, young stars, most of which are found in loose, comoving groups,…

We present new proper motions from the 10 m Keck telescopes for a puzzling population of massive, young stars located within 3.5" (0.14 pc) of the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center. Our proper motion measurements have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 J. R. Lu , A. M. Ghez , S. D. Hornstein , M. R. Morris , E. E. Becklin , K. Matthews

The nearby Eta Chamaeleontis association is a collection of 4-10 Myr old stars with a disk fraction of 35-45%. In this study, the broad wavelength coverage of VLT/X-Shooter is used to measure the stellar and mass accretion properties of 15…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-10 Michael Rugel , Davide Fedele , Gregory Herczeg

We have studied twelve very young (1-5Myr) bona fide and candidate brown dwarfs in the ChaI star forming region in terms of their kinematic properties, the occurrence of multiple systems among them as well as their rotational…

We present a study of the three dimensional structure, kinematics, and age distribution of the Orion OB association, based on the second data release of the Gaia satellite (Gaia DR2). Our goal is to obtain a complete picture of the star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-21 E. Zari , A. G. A. Brown , P. T. de Zeeuw

I have used the third data release of the Gaia mission to improve the reliability and completeness of membership samples in the beta Pic moving group (BPMG) and other nearby associations with ages of 20-50 Myr (Sco Body, Carina, Columba,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-11 K. L. Luhman

The question of whether genuinely young high-$\alpha$ stars exist has been discussed for over a decade since their discovery from asteroseismology of giant stars as it is challenging to break the degeneracy between the binary interaction…

We perform a systematic reanalysis of the age distribution of Galactic open star clusters. Using a catalogue of homogeneously determined ages for 834 open clusters contained in a 2 kpc cylinder around the Sun and characterised with…

The Kepler telescope has discovered over 4,000 planets (candidates) by searching ? 200,000 stars over a wide range of distance (order of kpc) in our Galaxy. Characterizing the kinematic properties (e.g., Galactic component membership and…

We exploit the precise parallaxes and proper motions contained in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) to establish whether the proposed wide-separation companions to five nearby, young stars are in fact equidistant and comoving with these stars. For…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-30 Joel H. Kastner

We present an analysis of the positions and ages of young star clusters in eight local galaxies to investigate the connection between the age difference and separation of cluster pairs. We find that star clusters do not form uniformly but…

The distribution of young stars into OB associations has long been in need of updating. High-precision {\sl Gaia} early Data Release 3 astrometry, coupled with modern machine-learning methods, allows this to be done. We have compiled a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-06 Alexander A. Chemel , Richard de Grijs , Elena V. Glushkova , Andrey K. Dambis

Nearby late-type stars are excellent targets to look for young objects in stellar associations and moving groups. The study of these groups goes back more than one century ago however, their origin is still misunderstood. Although their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-11-18 J. Maldonado , R. M. Martinez-Arnaiz , C. Eiroa , D. Montes , B. Montesinos

We present a first large-scale kinematic map of $\sim$50,000 young OB stars ($T_{\rm eff} \geq 10,000$ K), based on BOSS spectroscopy from the Milky Way Mapper OB program in the ongoing Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V). Using…

Gas plays a major role in the dynamical evolution of protoplanetary discs. Its coupling with the dust is the key to our understanding planetary formation. Studying the gas content is therefore a crucial step towards understanding…