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A key need in different disciplines is to perform analytics over fast-paced data streams, similar in nature to the traditional OLAP analytics in relational databases i.e., with filters and aggregates. Storing unbounded streams, however, is…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Wieger R. Punter , Odysseas Papapetrou , Minos Garofalakis

Modern data stream applications demand memory-efficient solutions for accurately tracking frequent items, such as heavy hitters and heavy changers, under strict resource constraints. Traditional sketches face inherent accuracy-memory…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zicang Xu , Yuxuan Tian , Yuhan Wu , Tong Yang

Summary statistics such as the mean and variance are easily maintained for large, distributed data streams, but order statistics (i.e., sample quantiles) can only be approximately summarized. There is extensive literature on maintaining…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Charles Masson , Jee E. Rim , Homin K. Lee

Space-efficient streaming estimation of quantiles in massive datasets is a fundamental problem with numerous applications in data monitoring and analysis. While theoretical research led to optimal algorithms, such as the Greenwald-Khanna…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Aleksander Łukasiewicz , Jakub Tětek , Pavel Veselý

Data sketches are approximate succinct summaries of long streams. They are widely used for processing massive amounts of data and answering statistical queries about it in real-time. Existing libraries producing sketches are very fast, but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Arik Rinberg , Alexander Spiegelman , Edward Bortnikov , Eshcar Hillel , Idit Keidar , Lee Rhodes , Hadar Serviansky

Secure sketch produces public information of its input $w$ without revealing it, yet, allows the exact recovery of $w$ given another value $w'$ that is close to $w$. Therefore, it can be used to reliably reproduce any error-prone secret…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Yen-Lung Lai

Graph streams represent data interactions in real applications. The mining of graph streams plays an important role in network security, social network analysis, and traffic control, among others. However, the sheer volume and high dynamics…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Yiling Zeng , Chunyao Song , Yuhan Li , Tingjian Ge

The challenge of estimating similarity between sets has been a significant concern in data science, finding diverse applications across various domains. However, previous approaches, such as MinHash, have predominantly centered around…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Fenghao Dong , Yang He , Yutong Liang , Zirui Liu , Yuhan Wu , Peiqing Chen , Tong Yang

This paper resolves one of the longest standing basic problems in the streaming computational model. Namely, optimal construction of quantile sketches. An $\varepsilon$ approximate quantile sketch receives a stream of items $x_1,\ldots,x_n$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Zohar Karnin , Kevin Lang , Edo Liberty

Many real-world matrix datasets arrive as high-throughput vector streams, making it impractical to store or process them in their entirety. To enable real-time analytics under limited computational, memory, and communication resources,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Hanyan Yin , Dongxie Wen , Jiajun Li , Zhewei Wei , Xiao Zhang , Peng Zhao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Estimating the frequency of items on the high-volume, fast data stream has been extensively studied in many areas, such as database and network measurement. Traditional sketches provide only coarse estimates under strict memory constraints.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xinyu Yuan , Yan Qiao , Meng Li , Zhenchun Wei , Cuiying Feng , Zonghui Wang , Wenzhi Chen

Network stream mining is fundamental to many network operations. Sketches, as compact data structures that offer low memory overhead with bounded accuracy, have emerged as a promising solution for network stream mining. Recent studies…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yuanpeng Li , Zhen Xu , Zongwei Lv , Yannan Hu , Yong Cui , Tong Yang

Streaming analytics are essential in a large range of applications, including databases, networking, and machine learning. To optimize performance, practitioners are increasingly offloading such analytics to network nodes such as switches.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Jonatan Langlet , Peiqing Chen , Michael Mitzenmacher , Ran Ben Basat , Zaoxing Liu , Gianni Antichi

Quantile summaries provide a scalable way to estimate the distribution of individual attributes in large datasets that are often distributed across multiple machines or generated by sensor networks. ReqSketch (arXiv:2004.01668) is currently…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Tomáš Domes , Pavel Veselý

Frequency estimation is one of the most fundamental problems in streaming algorithms. Given a stream $S$ of elements from some universe $U=\{1 \ldots n\}$, the goal is to compute, in a single pass, a short sketch of $S$ so that for any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Piotr Indyk , Shyam Narayanan , David P. Woodruff

Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search and Approximate Kernel Density Estimation (A-KDE) are fundamental problems at the core of modern machine learning, with broad applications in data analysis, information systems, and large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ved Danait , Srijan Das , Sujoy Bhore

Count-Min Sketch (CMS) is a memory-efficient data structure for estimating the frequency of elements in a multiset. Learned Count-Min Sketch (LCMS) enhances CMS with a machine learning model to reduce estimation error under the same memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Kyosuke Nishishita , Atsuki Sato , Yusuke Matsui

We propose OverSketch, an approximate algorithm for distributed matrix multiplication in serverless computing. OverSketch leverages ideas from matrix sketching and high-performance computing to enable cost-efficient multiplication that is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Vipul Gupta , Shusen Wang , Thomas Courtade , Kannan Ramchandran

Elastic-Sketch is a hash-based data structure for counting item's appearances in a data stream, and it has been empirically shown to achieve a better memory-accuracy trade-off compared to classical methods. This algorithm combines a heavy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Younes Ben Mazziane , Vinay Kumar B. R. , Othmane Marfoq

Sketches, probabilistic structures for estimating item frequencies in infinite data streams with limited space, are widely used across various domains. Recent studies have shifted the focus from handcrafted sketches to neural sketches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuan Feng , Yukun Cao , Hairu Wang , Xike Xie , S Kevin Zhou
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