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Given a hypergraph $G$ and a subhypergraph $H$ of $G$, the \emph{odd Ramsey number} $r_{odd}(G,H)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of $H$ intersects some color class in an odd number of edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Nicholas Crawford , Emily Heath , Owen Henderschedt , Coy Schwieder , Shira Zerbib

Let n \geq l \geq 2 and q \geq 2. We consider the minimum N such that whenever we have N points in the plane in general position and the l-subsets of these points are colored with q colors, there is a subset S of n points all of whose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk

Given a graph $H$, let $\chi_H(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be the smallest positive integer $r$ such that there exists an $r$-coloring of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with no monochromatic unit-copy of $H$, that is a set of $|V(H)|$ vertices of the same color such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Maria Axenovich , Dingyuan Liu , Arsenii Sagdeev

The inducibility of a graph $H$ measures the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ a large graph $G$ can have. Generalizing this notion, we study how many induced subgraphs of fixed order $k$ and size $\ell$ a large graph $G$ on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Noga Alon , Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

We present a unified approach to proving Ramsey-type theorems for graphs with a forbidden induced subgraph which can be used to extend and improve the earlier results of Rodl, Erdos-Hajnal, Promel-Rodl, Nikiforov, Chung-Graham, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-12-27 Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

A question of Erd\H{o}s asks if for every pair of positive integers $r$ and $k$, there exists a graph $H$ having $\textrm{girth}(H)=k$ and the property that every $r$-colouring of the edges of $H$ yields a monochromatic cycle $C_k$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 H. Hàn , T. Retter , V. Rödl , M. Schacht

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, we say $G \stackrel{r}{\to} H$ if every $r$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. Let $H[t]$ denote the $t$-blowup of $H$. The blowup Ramsey number $B(G \stackrel{r}{\to} H;t)$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 António Girão , Robert Hancock

Bipartite Ramsey numbers is the smallest size of a complete bipartite graph $K_{N,N}$ such that every edge-coloring with a given number of colors inevitably yields a monochromatic copy of a prescribed bipartite graph. While exact values…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Meng Ji

For positive integers $n,r,s$ with $r > s$, the set-coloring Ramsey number $R(n;r,s)$ is the minimum $N$ such that if every edge of the complete graph $K_N$ receives a set of $s$ colors from a palette of $r$ colors, then there is guaranteed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-24 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk , Jacques Verstraete

A $k$-ordering of a graph $G$ assigns distinct order-labels from the set $\{1,\ldots,|G|\}$ to $k$ vertices in $G$. Given a $k$-ordering $H$, the ordered Ramsey number $R_<(H)$ is the minimum $n$ such that every edge-2-coloring of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-08 Kevin Chang

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number $gr_k(G : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow copy of $G$ or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Xihe Li , Ligong Wang

Given graphs $H_1,H_2$, a graph $G$ is $(H_1,H_2)$-Ramsey if for every colouring of the edges of $G$ with red and blue, there is a red copy of $H_1$ or a blue copy of $H_2$. In this paper we investigate Ramsey questions in the setting of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Shagnik Das , Andrew Treglown

For any countably infinite graph $G$, Ramsey's theorem guarantees an infinite monochromatic copy of $G$ in any $r$-coloring of the edges of the countably infinite complete graph $K_\mathbb{N}$. Taking this a step further, it is natural to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Louis DeBiasio , Paul McKenney

An ordered graph is a pair $\mathcal{G}=(G,\prec)$ where $G$ is a graph and $\prec$ is a total ordering of its vertices. The ordered Ramsey number $\overline{R}(\mathcal{G})$ is the minimum number $N$ such that every ordered complete graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-22 Martin Balko , Josef Cibulka , Karel Král , Jan Kynčl

For fixed finite graphs $G$, $H$, a common problem in Ramsey theory is to study graphs $F$ such that $F \to (G,H)$, i.e. every red-blue coloring of the edges of $F$ produces either a red $G$ or a blue $H$. We generalize this study to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Jordan Mitchell Barrett , Valentino Vito

We consider coloring problems inspired by the theory of anti-Ramsey / rainbow colorings that we generalize to a far extent. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a hereditary family of graphs; i.e., if $H\in \mathcal{F}$ and $H'\subset H$ then also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Yair Caro , Zsolt Tuza

Given a hypergraph $H$, the size-Ramsey number $\hat{r}_2(H)$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that there exists a graph $G$ with $m$ edges with the property that in any colouring of the edges of $G$ with two colours there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Jie Han , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Shoham Letzter , Guilherme Oliveira Mota , Olaf Parczyk

The induced arboricity of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of induced forests covering the edges of $G$. This is a well-defined parameter bounded from above by the number of edges of $G$ when each forest in a cover consists of exactly one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-01 Maria Axenovich , Daniel Goncalves , Jonathan Rollin , Torsten Ueckerdt

Given graphs $G$ and $H$ and a positive integer $k$, the \emph{Gallai-Ramsey number}, denoted by $gr_{k}(G : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every coloring of $K_{n}$ using at most $k$ colors will contain either a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Xihe Li , Pierre Besse , Colton Magnant , Ligong Wang , Noah Watts

Given a graph $G$ and a collection $\mathcal C$ of subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$ indexed by the subsets of vertices of $G$, a constrained drawing of $G$ is a drawing, where each edge is drawn inside some set from $\mathcal C$, in such a way…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Pavel Paták
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