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The orbital period of the hot Jupiter WASP-4b appears to be decreasing at a rate of $-8.64 \pm 1.26$ msec/yr, based on transit-timing measurements spanning 12 years. Proposed explanations for the period change include tidal orbital decay,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 L. G. Bouma , J. N. Winn , A. W. Howard , S. B. Howell , H. Isaacson , H. Knutson , R. A. Matson

We propose a stringent observational test on the formation of warm Jupiters (gas-giant planets with 10 d <~ P <~ 100 d) by high-eccentricity (high-e) migration mechanisms. Unlike hot Jupiters, the majority of observed warm Jupiters have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-25 Subo Dong , Boaz Katz , Aristotle Socrates

The discovery of Jupiter-mass planets in close orbits about their parent stars has challenged models of planet formation. Recent observations have shown that a number of these planets have highly inclined, sometimes retrograde orbits about…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 James Guillochon , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Douglas N. C. Lin

WASP-121b is a transiting gas giant exoplanet orbiting close to its Roche limit, with an inflated radius nearly double that of Jupiter and a dayside temperature comparable to a late M dwarf photosphere. Secondary eclipse observations…

We find evidence for a strong thermal inversion in the dayside atmosphere of the highly irradiated hot Jupiter WASP-18b (T$_{eq}=2411K$, $M=10.3M_{J}$) based on emission spectroscopy from Hubble Space Telescope secondary eclipse…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-04 Kyle Sheppard , Avi M. Mandell , Patrick Tamburo , Siddarth Gandhi , Arazi Pinhas , Nikku Madhusudhan , Drake Deming

Hot Jupiters, particularly those with temperature higher than 2000 K are the best sample of planets that allow in-depth characterization of their atmospheres. We present here a thermal emission study of the ultra hot Jupiter WASP-103 b…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Yaqing Shi , Wei Wang , Gang Zhao , Meng Zhai , Guo Chen , Zewen Jiang , Qinglin Ouyang , Thomas Henning , Jingkun Zhao , Nicolas Crouzet , Roy van Boekel

Disk migration and high-eccentricity migration are two well-studied theories to explain the formation of hot Jupiters. The former predicts that these planets can migrate up until the planet-star Roche separation ($a_{Roche}$) and the latter…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-30 Benjamin E. Nelson , Eric B. Ford , Frederic A. Rasio

The discovery of the first transiting hot Jupiters (HJs; giant planets on orbital periods shorter than $P\sim10$ days) was announced more than twenty years ago. As both ground- and space-based follow-up observations are piling up, we are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 P. Leonardi , V. Nascimbeni , V. Granata , L. Malavolta , L. Borsato , K. Biazzo , A. F. Lanza , S. Desidera , G. Piotto , D. Nardiello , M. Damasso , A. Cunial , L. R. Bedin

Recent studies suggest that ultra-short period planets (USPs), Earth-sized planets with sub-day periods, constitute a statistically distinct sub-sample of {\it Kepler} planets: USPs have smaller radii ($1-1.4R_\oplus$) and larger mutual…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-31 Bonan Pu , Dong Lai

Idealized protoplanetary disk and giant planet formation models have been interpreted to suggest that a giant planet's atmospheric abundances can be used to infer its formation location in its parent protoplanetary disk. It has recently…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Henrique Reggiani , Kevin C. Schlaufman , Brian F. Healy , Joshua D. Lothringer , David K. Sing

Although close-orbiting, massive exoplanets -- known as hot and warm Jupiters -- are among the most observationally accessible known planets, their formation pathways are still not universally agreed upon. One method to constrain the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-10 Josette Wright , Malena Rice , Xian-Yu Wang , Kyle Hixenbaugh , Songhu Wang

WASP-148 is a recently announced extra-solar system harbouring at least two giant planets. The inner planet transits its host star. The planets travel on eccentric orbits and are near the 4:1 mean-motion resonance, which implies significant…

Gas giants orbiting close to hot and massive early-type stars can reach dayside temperatures that are comparable to those of the coldest stars. These "ultra-hot Jupiters" have atmospheres made of ions and atomic species from molecular…

Exploiting the Kepler transit data, we uncover a dramatic distinction in the prevalence of sub-Jovian companions, between systems that contain hot Jupiters (periods inward of 10 days) and those that host warm Jupiters (periods between 10…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 Chelsea X. Huang , Yanqin Wu , Amaury H. M. J. Triaud

We report the discovery of a transiting planet with an orbital period of 3.05d orbiting the star TYC 7247-587-1. The star, WASP-41, is a moderately bright G8V star (V=11.6) with a metallicity close to solar ([Fe/H]=-0.08+-0.09). The star…

We report on the discovery of a new extremely short period transiting extrasolar planet, WASP-19b. The planet has mass Mpl = 1.15 \pm 0.08 MJ, radius Rpl = 1.31 \pm 0.06 RJ, and orbital period P = 0.7888399 \pm 0.0000008 days. Through…

To date, only a handful of binary star systems are known with at least one confirmed planet orbiting each star. Such systems, however, offer a unique perspective on the stochasticity intrinsic to planet formation and evolution --…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-23 Yurou Liu , Tiger Lu , Malena Rice

We report the discovery of three extrasolar planets that transit their moderately bright (Vmag = 12-13) host stars. WASP-44b is a 0.89-MJup planet in a 2.42-day orbit around a G8V star. WASP-45b is a 1.03-MJup planet which passes in front…

We present the discovery of three new transiting giant planets, first detected with the WASP telescopes, and establish their planetary nature with follow up spectroscopy and ground-based photometric lightcurves. WASP-92 is an F7 star, with…

In the high-eccentricity migration (HEM) scenario, close-in planets reach the vicinity of the central star on high-eccentricity orbits that become circularized---with a concomitant decrease in the semimajor axis---through a tidal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-25 Steven Giacalone , Titos Matsakos , Arieh Königl