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Related papers: Cascade-Aware Training of Language Models

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Sequence-to-sequence models provide a simple and elegant solution for building speech recognition systems by folding separate components of a typical system, namely acoustic (AM), pronunciation (PM) and language (LM) models into a single…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-12-06 Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Khe Chai Sim , Michiel Bacchiani , Eugene Weinstein , Patrick Nguyen , Zhifeng Chen , Yonghui Wu , Kanishka Rao

Introduced to enhance the efficiency of large language model (LLM) inference, speculative decoding operates by having a smaller model generate a draft. A larger target model then reviews this draft to align with its output, and any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ziyi Chen , Xiaocong Yang , Jiacheng Lin , Chenkai Sun , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang , Jie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly but face significant memory demands. While quantization has shown promise for LLMs, current methods typically require lengthy training to alleviate the performance degradation from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ke Yi , Yuhui Xu , Heng Chang , Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Tong Zhang , Jia Li

Building generally capable agents is a grand challenge for deep reinforcement learning (RL). To approach this challenge practically, we outline two key desiderata: 1) to facilitate generalization, exploration should be task agnostic; 2) to…

The cognitive process of Search-as-Learning (SAL) is most effective when searching promotes active encoding of information. The rise of LLMs-based chatbots, which provide instant answers, introduces a trade-off between efficiency and depth…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yeonsun Yang , Ahyeon Shin , Mincheol Kang , Jiheon Kang , Xu Wang , Jean Y. Song

Aligned large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in task-solving, following instructions, and ensuring safety. However, the continual learning aspect of these aligned LLMs has been largely overlooked. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xiao Wang , Yuansen Zhang , Tianze Chen , Songyang Gao , Senjie Jin , Xianjun Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Rui Zheng , Yicheng Zou , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks but often require additional training, such as continual pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. However, the costs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Da Ma , Lu Chen , Pengyu Wang , Hongshen Xu , Hanqi Li , Liangtai Sun , Su Zhu , Shuai Fan , Kai Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential for generating project-level unit tests. However, existing state-of-the-art approaches primarily rely on execution-path information to guide prompt construction, which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Guancheng Wang , Qinghua Xu , Lionel C. Briand , Zhaoqiang Guo , Kui Liu

Intelligent anomaly detection in dynamic visual environments requires reconciling real-time performance with semantic interpretability. Conventional approaches address only fragments of this challenge. Reconstruction-based models capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Tayyab Rehman , Giovanni De Gasperis , Aly Shmahell

This paper explores how large language models can leverage multi-level contextual information to predict group coordination patterns in collaborative mixed reality environments. We demonstrate that encoding individual behavioral profiles,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Diana Romero , Xin Gao , Daniel Khalkhali , Salma Elmalaki

Multi-agent systems (MAS) extend large language models (LLMs) from independent single-model reasoning to coordinative system-level intelligence. While existing LLM agents depend on text-based mediation for reasoning and communication, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiaru Zou , Xiyuan Yang , Ruizhong Qiu , Gaotang Li , Katherine Tieu , Pan Lu , Ke Shen , Hanghang Tong , Yejin Choi , Jingrui He , James Zou , Mengdi Wang , Ling Yang

Language models are often trained to maximize the likelihood of the next token given past tokens in the training dataset. However, during inference time, they are utilized differently, generating text sequentially and auto-regressively by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zhepeng Cen , Yao Liu , Siliang Zeng , Pratik Chaudhari , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis , Rasool Fakoor

We introduce a novel, training free cascade for auto-prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) to assess product quality in e-commerce. Our system requires no training labels or model fine-tuning, instead automatically generating and refining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Soham Satyadharma , Fatemeh Sheikholeslami , Swati Kaul , Aziz Umit Batur , Suleiman A. Khan

We tackle the question of how to scale more efficiently across the many, ever-growing stages of current LLM training pipelines. Our guiding intuition stems from the fact that the dynamics of later stages of the pipeline, e.g. post-training,…

The quadratic cost of attention in transformers motivated the development of efficient approaches: namely sparse and sliding window attention, convolutions and linear attention. Although these approaches result in impressive reductions in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jatin Prakash , Aahlad Puli , Rajesh Ranganath

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in language modeling, recent studies reveal that they often fail on out-of-distribution (OOD) samples due to spurious correlations acquired during pre-training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shurui Gui , Shuiwang Ji

Multi-stage reasoning has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing the reasoning capability of small language models by decomposing complex problems into sequential sub-stages. However, this comes at the cost of increased latency. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Beomseok Kang , Jiwon Song , Jae-Joon Kim

Large language models have become central to many AI applications, but their growing energy consumption raises serious sustainability concerns. A key limitation in current AI deployments is the reliance on a one-size-fits-all inference…

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong reasoning performance through chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, yet often generate unnecessarily long reasoning paths that incur high inference cost. Recent self-consistency-based approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Juming Xiong , Kevin Guo , Congning Ni , Chao Yan , Katherine Brown , Avinash Baidya , Xiang Gao , Bradley Malin , Zhijun Yin

As modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more advanced and capable, they can leverage a wide range of tools and models to perform complex tasks. The task of orchestrating these models is increasingly performed by Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Daria Smirnova , Hamid Nasiri , Marta Adamska , Zhengxin Yu , Peter Garraghan