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Related papers: The rising costs of training frontier AI models

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Generative AI is directional: it performs well in some task directions and poorly in others. Knowledge work is directional and endogenous as well: workers can satisfy the same job requirements with different mixes of tasks. We develop a…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-18 Miklos Koren , Zsofia Barany , Ulrich Wohak

Frontier AI regulations primarily focus on systems deployed to external users, where deployment is more visible and subject to outside scrutiny. However, high-stakes applications can occur internally when companies deploy highly capable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Joe Kwon , Stephen Casper

Frontier AI models -- highly capable foundation models at the cutting edge of AI development -- may pose severe risks to public safety, human rights, economic stability, and societal value in the coming years. These risks could arise from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Deepika Raman , Nada Madkour , Evan R. Murphy , Krystal Jackson , Jessica Newman

If the authors of a recent Stanford report (Bommasani et al., 2021) on the opportunities and risks of "foundation models" are to be believed, these models represent a paradigm shift for AI and for the domains in which they will supposedly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Su Lin Blodgett , Michael Madaio

Deep learning is rapidly becoming a go-to tool for many artificial intelligence problems due to its ability to outperform other approaches and even humans at many problems. Despite its popularity we are still unable to accurately predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Daniel Justus , John Brennan , Stephen Bonner , Andrew Stephen McGough

The increasing demand for computational resources of training neural networks leads to a concerning growth in energy consumption. While parallelization has enabled upscaling model and dataset sizes and accelerated training, its impact on…

In recent years, a wide range of investment models have been created using artificial intelligence. Automatic trading by artificial intelligence can expand the range of trading methods, such as by conferring the ability to operate 24 hours…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-17 Koya Ishikawa , Kazuhide Nakata

The use of deep learning for database optimization has gained significant traction, offering improvements in indexing, cardinality estimation, and query optimization. However, acquiring high-quality training data remains a significant…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Angjela Davitkova , Sebastian Michel

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI), especially in the domain of Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI, has opened new avenues for application across various fields, yet its role in business education remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Vahid Ashrafimoghari , Necdet Gürkan , Jordan W. Suchow

A series of influential studies established that large language models cannot reliably solve even simple planning tasks. We show that the latest generation of frontier models overturns this conclusion. We evaluate three families of frontier…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Augusto B. Corrêa , André G. Pereira , Jendrik Seipp

The accelerating pace of developments in Artificial Intelligence~(AI) and the increasing role that technology plays in society necessitates substantial changes in the structure of the workforce. Besides scientists and engineers, there is a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jaromir Savelka , Can Kultur , Arav Agarwal , Christopher Bogart , Heather Burte , Adam Zhang , Majd Sakr

Pre-training is notoriously compute-intensive and academic researchers are notoriously under-resourced. It is, therefore, commonly assumed that academics can't pre-train models. In this paper, we seek to clarify this assumption. We first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Apoorv Khandelwal , Tian Yun , Nihal V. Nayak , Jack Merullo , Stephen H. Bach , Chen Sun , Ellie Pavlick

This paper explores how artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are transforming the global labor market. Human workers, limited to a 33% duty cycle due to rest and holidays, cost $14 to $55 per hour. In contrast, digital labor operates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Kevin J McNamara , Rhea Pritham Marpu

Distributed training frameworks, like TensorFlow, have been proposed as a means to reduce the training time of deep learning models by using a cluster of GPU servers. While such speedups are often desirable---e.g., for rapidly evaluating…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Shijian Li , Robert J. Walls , Lijie Xu , Tian Guo

Compared to classical machine learning (ML) models, generative models offer a new usage paradigm where (i) a single model can be used for many different tasks out-of-the-box; (ii) users interact with this model over a series of natural…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Rafid Mahmood

Artificial intelligence have contributed to advancements across various industries. However, the rapid growth of artificial intelligence technologies also raises concerns about their environmental impact, due to associated carbon footprints…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-28 Szymon Mazurek , Monika Pytlarz , Sylwia Malec , Alessandro Crimi

Training large foundation models costs hundreds of millions of dollars, making deployment optimization critical. Current approaches require machine learning engineers to manually craft training recipes through error-prone trial-and-error on…

Resource-constrained IoT devices, such as sensors and actuators, have become ubiquitous in recent years. This has led to the generation of large quantities of data in real-time, which is an appealing target for AI systems. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 M. G. Sarwar Murshed , Christopher Murphy , Daqing Hou , Nazar Khan , Ganesh Ananthanarayanan , Faraz Hussain

The unprecedented rapid growth of computing demand for AI is projected to increase global annual datacenter (DC) growth from 7.2% to 11.3%. We project the 5-year AI DC demand for several power grids and assess whether they will allow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Liuzixuan Lin , Rajini Wijayawardana , Varsha Rao , Hai Nguyen , Wedan Emmanuel Gnibga , Andrew A. Chien

The success of modern deep learning is attributed to two key elements: huge amounts of training data and large model sizes. Where a vast amount of data allows the model to learn more features, the large model architecture boosts the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Muhammad Asif Khan , Ridha Hamila , Hamid Menouar