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Automated medical image segmentation, specifically using deep learning, has shown outstanding performance in semantic segmentation tasks. However, these methods rarely quantify their uncertainty, which may lead to errors in downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Zach Eaton-Rosen , Felix Bragman , Sotirios Bisdas , Sebastien Ourselin , M. Jorge Cardoso

Uncertainty estimation methods are expected to improve the understanding and quality of computer-assisted methods used in medical applications (e.g., neurosurgical interventions, radiotherapy planning), where automated medical image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Alain Jungo , Raphael Meier , Ekin Ermis , Marcela Blatti-Moreno , Evelyn Herrmann , Roland Wiest , Mauricio Reyes

Uncertainty quantification for deep learning is a challenging open problem. Bayesian statistics offer a mathematically grounded framework to reason about uncertainties; however, approximate posteriors for modern neural networks still…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-23 Nicolas Brosse , Carlos Riquelme , Alice Martin , Sylvain Gelly , Éric Moulines

Deep learning has been shown to be highly effective for automatic modulation classification (AMC), which is a pivotal technology for next-generation cognitive communications. Yet, existing deep learning methods for AMC often lack robust…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Huian Yang , Rajeev Sahay

Recent works in object detection in LiDAR point clouds mostly focus on predicting bounding boxes around objects. This prediction is commonly achieved using anchor-based or anchor-free detectors that predict bounding boxes, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 William Guimont-Martin , Jean-Michel Fortin , François Pomerleau , Philippe Giguère

Deep neural networks lack interpretability and tend to be overconfident, which poses a serious problem in safety-critical applications like autonomous driving, medical imaging, or machine vision tasks with high demands on reliability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Steven Landgraf , Kira Wursthorn , Markus Hillemann , Markus Ulrich

Object detection in autonomous cars is commonly based on camera images and Lidar inputs, which are often used to train prediction models such as deep artificial neural networks for decision making for object recognition, adjusting speed,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali

While recent foundation models have enabled significant breakthroughs in monocular depth estimation, a clear path towards safe and reliable deployment in the real-world remains elusive. Metric depth estimation, which involves predicting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Steven Landgraf , Rongjun Qin , Markus Ulrich

Deep neural networks are in the limelight of machine learning with their excellent performance in many data-driven applications. However, they can lead to inaccurate predictions when queried in out-of-distribution data points, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yana Stoyanova , Soroush Ghandi , Maryam Tavakol

We consider the problem of uncertainty estimation in the context of (non-Bayesian) deep neural classification. In this context, all known methods are based on extracting uncertainty signals from a trained network optimized to solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yonatan Geifman , Guy Uziel , Ran El-Yaniv

Unreliable predictions can occur when using artificial intelligence (AI) systems with negative consequences for downstream applications, particularly when employed for decision-making. Conformal prediction provides a model-agnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Geethen Singh , Glenn Moncrieff , Zander Venter , Kerry Cawse-Nicholson , Jasper Slingsby , Tamara B Robinson

Segmentation tasks in medical imaging are inherently ambiguous: the boundary of a target structure is oftentimes unclear due to image quality and biological factors. As such, predicted segmentations from deep learning algorithms are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-18 Katharina Hoebel , Ken Chang , Jay Patel , Praveer Singh , Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer

Visual affordances identify regions in an image with potential interactions, offering a novel paradigm for scene understanding. Recognizing affordances allows autonomous robots to act more naturally, could enhance human-robot interactions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Lorenzo Mur-Labadia , Ruben Martinez-Cantina , Jose J. Guerrero

Bird's-eye view (BEV) perception has garnered significant attention in autonomous driving in recent years, in part because BEV representation facilitates multi-modal sensor fusion. BEV representation enables a variety of perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Goodarz Mehr , Azim Eskandarian

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is commonly used to analyze retinal layers for assessment of ocular diseases. In this paper, we propose a method for retinal layer segmentation and quantification of uncertainty based on Bayesian deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Suman Sedai , Bhavna Antony , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Rahil Garnavi

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is essential for assessing the reliability of Earth observation (EO) products. However, the extensive use of machine learning models in EO introduces an additional layer of complexity, as those models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuanyuan Wang , Qian Song , Dawood Wasif , Muhammad Shahzad , Christoph Koller , Jonathan Bamber , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Although multiview fusion has demonstrated potential in LiDAR segmentation, its dependence on computationally intensive point-based interactions, arising from the lack of fixed correspondences between views such as range view and Bird's-Eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shoumeng Qiu , Xinrun Li , XiangYang Xue , Jian Pu

Accurate and robust multimodal multi-task perception is crucial for modern autonomous driving systems. However, current multimodal perception research follows independent paradigms designed for specific perception tasks, leading to a lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiao Zhao , Xukun Zhang , Dingkang Yang , Mingyang Sun , Mingcheng Li , Shunli Wang , Lihua Zhang

Road intersection monitoring and control research often utilize bird's eye view (BEV) simulators. In real traffic settings, achieving a BEV akin to that in a simulator necessitates the deployment of drones or specific sensor mounting, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Rukesh Prajapati , Amr S. El-Wakeel

Estimated uncertainty by approximate posteriors in Bayesian neural networks are prone to miscalibration, which leads to overconfident predictions in critical tasks that have a clear asymmetric cost or significant losses. Here, we extend the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Biraja Ghoshal , Allan Tucker