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Over the several recent years, there has been a boom in development of Flow Matching (FM) methods for generative modeling. One intriguing property pursued by the community is the ability to learn flows with straight trajectories which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-11 Nikita Kornilov , Petr Mokrov , Alexander Gasnikov , Alexander Korotin

By using the spectrum of the underlying symmetric diffusion operator, the convergence in $L^p$-Wasserstein distance $\mathbb W_p (p\ge 1)$ is characterized for the empirical measure $\mu_t$ of non-symmetric subordinated diffusion processes…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-28 Feng-Yu Wang

A flow matching model learns a time-dependent vector field $v_t(x)$ that generates a probability path $\{ p_t \}_{0 \leq t \leq 1}$ that interpolates between a well-known noise distribution ($p_0$) and the data distribution ($p_1$). It can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Pramook Khungurn , Pratch Piyawongwisal , Sira Sriswasdi , Supasorn Suwajanakorn

Flow Matching is a powerful framework for learning transport maps between probability distributions. Yet its standard single-parameter formulation is not designed to capture multi-parameter variations where the resulting transport should be…

Reconstructing PDE solutions from sparse observations is a core challenge in scientific computing. We present FM4PDE, a flow-matching generative framework that learns the joint distribution of PDE coefficients (or initial states) and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Xifeng Zhang , Jin Zhao

Coarse-grained (CG) molecular simulations have become a standard tool to study molecular processes on time- and length-scales inaccessible to all-atom simulations. Parameterizing CG force fields to match all-atom simulations has mainly…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Jonas Köhler , Yaoyi Chen , Andreas Krämer , Cecilia Clementi , Frank Noé

We present Functional Mean Flow (FMF) as a one-step generative model defined in infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. FMF extends the one-step Mean Flow framework to functional domains by providing a theoretical formulation for Functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhiqi Li , Yuchen Sun , Greg Turk , Bo Zhu

What is the optimal way to approximate a high-dimensional diffusion process by one in which the coordinates are independent? This paper presents a construction, called the \emph{independent projection}, which is optimal for two natural…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Daniel Lacker

Diffusion models, which convert noise into new data instances by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone in contemporary generative modeling. In this work, we develop non-asymptotic convergence theory for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

We present a formulation of flow matching as variational inference, which we refer to as variational flow matching (VFM). Based on this formulation we develop CatFlow, a flow matching method for categorical data. CatFlow is easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Floor Eijkelboom , Grigory Bartosh , Christian Andersson Naesseth , Max Welling , Jan-Willem van de Meent

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are an attractive generative modeling technique, but they have been held back by limitations in their simulation-based maximum likelihood training. We introduce the generalized conditional flow matching…

Flow matching has emerged as a promising framework for training generative models, demonstrating impressive empirical performance while offering relative ease of training compared to diffusion-based models. However, this method still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Quan Dao , Hao Phung , Trung Dao , Dimitris Metaxas , Anh Tran

We study Flow Matching in a semi-discrete setting where a Gaussian source is transported toward a discrete target supported on finitely many points. This semi-discrete regime is the theoretical setting behind the use of Flow Matching for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Emile Pierret , Johannes Hertrich , Samuel Hurault , Julie Delon

Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) approximate a data distribution by perturbing it with Gaussian noise and subsequently denoising it via a learned reverse diffusion process. These models excel at modeling complex data distributions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Stefano Bruno , Sotirios Sabanis

Flow Matching (FM) generative models offer efficient simulation-free training and deterministic sampling, but their practical deployment is challenged by high-precision parameter requirements. We adapt optimal transport (OT)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dara Varam , Diaa A. Abuhani , Imran Zualkernan , Raghad AlDamani , Lujain Khalil

Diffusion models and flow-based methods have shown impressive generative capability, especially for images, but their sampling is expensive because it requires many iterative updates. We introduce W-Flow, a framework for training a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiaqi Han , Puheng Li , Qiushan Guo , Renyuan Xu , Stefano Ermon , Emmanuel J. Candès

Flow matching models have emerged as a powerful framework for realistic image generation by learning to reverse a corruption process that progressively adds Gaussian noise. However, because noise is injected in the latent domain, its impact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Sucheng Ren , Qihang Yu , Ju He , Xiaohui Shen , Alan Yuille , Liang-Chieh Chen

Mixture models, such as Gaussian mixture models, are widely used in machine learning to represent complex data distributions. A key challenge, especially in high-dimensional settings, is to determine the mixture order and estimate the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Srećko Đurašinović , Jean-Bernard Lasserre , Victor Magron

Flow matching has recently emerged as a flexible and efficient framework for generative modelling by learning deterministic transport dynamics between probability measures. In this work, we extend flow matching to the space of probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Moritz Piening , Richard Duong , Gabriele Steidl

Flow Matching has emerged as a powerful framework for learning continuous transformations between distributions, enabling high-fidelity generative modeling. This work introduces Symmetrical Flow Matching (SymmFlow), a new formulation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Francisco Caetano , Christiaan Viviers , Peter H. N. De With , Fons van der Sommen