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Context:Optical interferometry is at a key development stage. ESO's VLTI has established a stable, robust infrastructure for long-baseline interferometry for general astronomical observers. The present second-generation instruments offer a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-30 B. Lopez , S. Lagarde , R. G. Petrov , W. Jaffe , P. Antonelli , F. Allouche , P. Berio , A. Matter , A. Meilland , F. Millour , S. Robbe-Dubois , Th. Henning , G. Weigelt , A. Glindemann , T. Agocs , Ch. Bailet , U. Beckmann , F. Bettonvil , R. van Boekel , P. Bourget , Y. Bresson , P. Bristow , P. Cruzalèbes , E. Eldswijk , Y. Fanteï Caujolle , J. C. González Herrera , U. Graser , P. Guajardo , M. Heininger , K. -H. Hofmann , G. Kroes , W. Laun , M. Lehmitz , C. Leinert , K. Meisenheimer , S. Morel , U. Neumann , C. Paladini , I. Percheron , M. Riquelme , M. Schoeller , Ph. Stee , L. Venema , J. Woillez , G. Zins , P. Ábrahám , S. Abadie , R. Abuter , M. Accardo , T. Adler , J. Alonso , J. -C. Augereau , A. Böhm , G. Bazin , J. Beltran , A. Bensberg , W. Boland , R. Brast , L. Burtscher , R. Castillo , A. Chelli , C. Cid , J. -M. Clausse , C. Connot , R. D. Conzelmann , W. -C. Danchi , M. Delbo , J. Drevon , C. Dominik , A. van Duin , M. Ebert , F. Eisenhauer , S. Flament , R. Frahm , V. Gámez Rosas , A. Gabasch , A. Gallenne , E. Garces , P. Girard , A. Glazenborg , F. Y. J. Gonté , F. Guitton , M. de Haan , H. Hanenburg , X. Haubois , V. Hocdé , M. Hogerheijde , R. ter Horst , J. Hron , C. A. Hummel , N. Hubin , R. Huerta , J. Idserda , J. W. Isbell , D. Ives , G. Jakob , A. Jaskó , L. Jochum , L. Klarmann , R. Klein , J. Kragt , S. Kuindersma , E. Kokoulina , L. Labadie , S. Lacour , J. Leftley , R. Le Poole , J. -L. Lizon , M. Lopez , A. Mérand , A. Marcotto , N. Mauclert , T. Maurer , L. H. Mehrgan , J. Meisner , K. Meixner , M. Mellein , J. L. Menut , L. Mohr , L. Mosoni , R. Navarro , E. Nussbaum , L. Pallanca , E. Pantin , L. Pasquini , T. Phan Duc , J. -U. Pott , E. Pozna , A. Richichi , A. Ridinger , F. Rigal , Th. Rivinius , R. Roelfsema , R. -R. Rohloff , S. Rousseau , D. Salabert , D. Schertl , N. Schuhler , M. Schuil , K. Shabun , A. Soulain , C. Stephan , P. Toledo , K. Tristram , N. Tromp , F. Vakili , J. Varga , J. Vinther , L. B. F. M. Waters , M. Wittkowski , S. Wolf , F. Wrhel , G. Yoffe

The GRAVITY instrument has been commissioned on the VLTI during 2016 and is now available to the astronomical community. It is the first optical interferometer capable of observing sources as faint as magnitude 19 in K-band. This is…

GRAVITY+ is the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with wide-separation fringe tracking, new adaptive optics, and laser guide stars on all four 8~m Unit Telescopes (UTs), for ever fainter, all-sky, high…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 GRAVITY+ Collaboration , : , R. Abuter , F. Allouche , A. Amorim , C. Bailet , M. Bauböck , J. -P. Berger , P. Berio , A. Bigioli , O. Boebion , M. L. Bolzer , H. Bonnet , G. Bourdarot , P. Bourget , W. Brandner , Y. Clénet , B. Courtney-Barrer , Y. Dallilar , R. Davies , D. Defrère , A. Delboulbé , F. Delplancke , R. Dembet , P. T. de Zeeuw , A. Drescher , A. Eckart , C. Édouard , F. Eisenhauer , M. Fabricius , H. Feuchtgruber , G. Finger , N. M. Förster Schreiber , E. Garcia , P. Garcia , F. Gao , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , J. P. Gil , S. Gillessen , T. Gomes , F. Gonté , C. Gouvret , P. Guajardo , S. Guieu , M. Hartl , X. Haubois , F. Haußmann , G. Heißel , Th. Henning , S. Hippler , S. Hönig , M. Horrobin , N. Hubin , E. Jacqmart , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , P. Kervella , H. Korhonen , L. Kreidberg , S. Lacour , S. Lagarde , O. Lai , V. Lapeyrère , R. Laugier , J. -B. Le Bouquin , J. Leftley , P. Léna , D. Lutz , F. Mang , A. Marcotto , D. Maurel , A. Mérand , F. Millour , N. More , H. Nowacki , M. Nowak , S. Oberti , T. Ott , L. Pallanca , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , R. Petrov , O. Pfuhl , N. Pourré , S. Rabien , C. Rau , S. Robbe-Dubois , S. Rochat , M. Salman , M. Schöller , J. Schubert , N. Schuhler , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , S. Scheithauer , A. Sevin , F. Soulez , A. Spang , E. Stadler , J. Stadler , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , K. R. W. Tristram , F. Vincent , S. von Fellenberg , S. Uysal , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , S. Yazici , A. Young , G. Zins

Aims. As part of the ongoing GRAVITY+ upgrade of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer infrastructure, we aim to improve the performance of the GRAVITY Fringe-Tracker, and to enable its use by other instruments. Methods. We modify the…

GRAVITY is the four-beam, near- infrared, AO-assisted, fringe tracking, astrometric and imaging instrument for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). It is requiring the development of one of the most complex instrument software…

MATISSE (Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment) is the next generation spectro-interferometer at the European Southern Observatory VLTI operating in the spectral bands L, M and N, and combining four beams from the unit and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 A. Matter , S. Lagarde , R. G. Petrov , P. Berio , S. Robbe-Dubois , B. Lopez , P. Antonelli , F. Allouche , P. Cruzalebes , F. Millour , G. Bazin , L. Bourgès

GRAVITY is an adaptive optics assisted Beam Combiner for the second generation VLTI instrumentation. The instrument will provide high-precision narrow-angle astrometry and phase-referenced interferometric imaging in the astronomical K-band…

The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 GRAVITY+ Collaboration , : , Roberto Abuter , Patricio Alarcon , Fatme Allouche , Antonio Amorim , Christophe Bailet , Helen Bedigan , Anthony Berdeu , Jean-Philippe Berger , Philippe Berio , Azzurra Bigioli , Richard Blaho , Olivier Boebion , Marie-Lena Bolzer , Henri Bonnet , Guillaume Bourdarot , Pierre Bourget , Wolfgang Brandner , Cesar Cardenas , Ralf Conzelmann , Mauro Comin , Yann Clénet , Benjamin Courtney-Barrer , Yigit Dallilar , Ric Davies , Denis Defrère , Alain Delboulbé , Françoise Delplancke-Ströbele , Roderick Dembet , Tim de Zeeuw , Antonia Drescher , Andreas Eckart , Clemence Édouard , Frank Eisenhauer , Maximilian Fabricius , Helmut Feuchtgruber , Gert Finger , Natascha M. Förster Schreiber , Eloy Fuenteseca , Enrique Garcia , Paulo Garcia , Feng Gao , Eric Gendron , Reinhard Genzel , Juan Pablo Gil , Stefan Gillessen , Tiago Gomes , Frédéric Gonté , Carole Gouvret , Patricia Guajardo , Ivan Guidolin , Sylvain Guieu , Ronald Guzmann , Wolfgang Hackenberg , Nicolas Haddad , Michael Hartl , Xavier Haubois , Frank Haußmann , Gernot Heißel , Thomas Henning , Stefan Hippler , Sebastian Hönig , Matthew Horrobin , Norbert Hubin , Estelle Jacqmart , Laurent Jocou , Andreas Kaufer , Pierre Kervella , Jean-Paul Kirchbauer , Johan Kolb , Heidi Korhonen , Laura Kreidberg , Peter Krempl , Sylvestre Lacour , Stephane Lagarde , Olivier Lai , Vincent Lapeyrère , Romain Laugier , Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin , James Leftley , Pierre Léna , Steffan Lewis , Dieter Lutz , Yves Magnard , Felix Mang , Aurelie Marcotto , Didier Maurel , Antoine Mérand , Florentin Millour , Nikhil More , Hugo Nowack , Matthias Nowak , Sylvain Oberti , Francisco Olivares , Thomas Ott , Laurent Pallanca , Thibaut Paumard , Karine Perraut , Guy Perrin , Romain Petrov , Oliver Pfuhl , Nicolas Pourré , Sebastian Rabien , Christian Rau , Miguel Riquelme , Sylvie Robbe-Dubois , Sylvain Rochat , Muhammad Salman , Malte Scherbarth , Markus Schöller , Joseph Schubert , Nicolas Schuhler , Jinyi Shangguan , Pavel Shchekaturov , Taro Shimizu , Silvia Scheithauer , Arnaud Sevin , Christian Soenke , Ferreol Soulez , Alain Spang , Eric Stadler , Christian Straubmeier , Eckhard Sturm , Calvin Sykes , Linda Tacconi , Helmut Tischer , Konrad Tristram , Frédéric Vincent , Sebastiano von Fellenberg , Sinem Uysal , Felix Widmann , Ekkehard Wieprecht , Erich Wiezorrek , Julien Woillez , Şenol Yazıcı , Gérard Zins

The spectacular results provided by the second-generation VLTI instruments GRAVITY and MATISSE on active galactic nuclei (AGN) trigger and justify a strong increase in the sensitivity limit of optical interferometers. A key component of…

GRAVITY is a second generation VLTI instrument, combining the light of four telescopes and two objects simultaneously. The main goal is to obtain astrometrically accurate information. Besides correctly measured stellar phases this requires…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 S. Gillessen , M. Lippa , F. Eisenhauer , O. Pfuhl , M. Haug , S. Kellner , T. Ott , E. Wieprecht , E. Sturm , F. Haussmann , C. F. Kister , D. Moch , M. Thiel

Few spectra of directly-imaged exoplanets have been obtained in the mid-infrared (> 3 $\mu$m). This region is particularly rich in molecular spectral signatures, whose measurements can help recover atmospheric parameters and provide a…

We present the adaptive optics assisted, near-infrared VLTI instrument - GRAVITY - for precision narrow-angle astrometry and interferometric phase referenced imaging of faint objects. Precision astrometry and phase-referenced…

MATISSE is the second-generation mid-infrared spectrograph and imager for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) at Paranal. This new interferometric instrument will allow significant advances by opening new avenues in various…

GRAVITY is the second generation Very Large Telescope Interferometer instrument for precision narrow-angle astrometry and interferometric imaging in the Near Infra-Red (NIR). It shall provide precision astrometry of order 10…

Since 2019, GRAVITY has provided direct observations of giant planets and brown dwarfs at separations of down to 95 mas from the host star. Some of these observations have provided the first direct confirmation of companions previously…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-07 N. Pourré , T. O. Winterhalder , J. -B. Le Bouquin , S. Lacour , A. Bidot , M. Nowak , A. -L. Maire , D. Mouillet , C. Babusiaux , J. Woillez , R. Abuter , A. Amorim , R. Asensio-Torres , W. O. Balmer , M. Benisty , J. -P. Berger , H. Beust , S. Blunt , A. Boccaletti , M. Bonnefoy , H. Bonnet , M. S. Bordoni , G. Bourdarot , W. Brandner , F. Cantalloube , P. Caselli , B. Charnay , G. Chauvin , A. Chavez , E. Choquet , V. Christiaens , Y. Clénet , V. Coudé du Foresto , A. Cridland , R. Davies , D. Defrère , R. Dembet , J. Dexter , A. Drescher , G. Duvert , A. Eckart , F. Eisenhauer , N. M. Föster Schreiber , P. Garcia , R. Garcia Lopez , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , J. H. Girard , F. Gonte , S. Grant , X. Haubois , G. Heißel , Th. Henning , S. Hinkley , S. Hippler , S. F. Hönig , M. Houllé , Z. Hubert , L. Jocou , J. Kammerer , M. Kenworthy , M. Keppler , P. Kervella , L. Kreidberg , N. T. Kurtovic , A. -M. Lagrange , V. Lapeyrère , D. Lutz , F. Mang , G. -D. Marleau , A. Mérand , F. Millour , P. Mollière , J. D. Monnier , C. Mordasini , E. Nasedkin , S. Oberti , T. Ott , G. P. L. Otten , C. Paladini , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , O. Pfuhl , L. Pueyo , D. C. Ribeiro , E. Rickman , Z. Rustamkulov , J. Shangguan , T. Shimizu , D. Sing , F. Soulez , J. Stadler , T. Stolker , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , C. Sykes , L. J. Tacconi , E. F. van Dishoeck , A. Vigan , F. Vincent , S. D. von Fellenberg , J. Wang , F. Widmann , S. Yazici , the GRAVITY Collaboration , J. A. Abad , E. Aller Carpentier , J. Alonso , L. Andolfato , P. Barriga , J. -L. Beuzit , P. Bourget , R. Brast , L. Caniguante , E. Cottalorda , P. Darré , B. Delabre , A. Delboulbé , F. Delplancke-Ströbele , R. Donaldson , R. Dorn , C. Dupuy , S. Egner , G. Fischer , C. Frank , E. Fuenteseca , P. Gitton , T. Guerlet , S. Guieu , P. Gutierrez , P. Haguenauer , A. Haimerl , C. T. Heritier , S. Huber , N. Hubin , P. Jolley , J. -P. Kirchbauer , J. Kolb , J. Kosmalski , P. Krempl , M. Le Louarn , P. Lilley , B. Lopez , Y. Magnard , S. Mclay , A. Meilland , A. Meister , T. Moulin , L. Pasquini , J. Paufique , I. Percheron , L. Pettazzi , D. Phan , W. Pirani , J. Quentin , A. Rakich , R. Ridings , J. Reyes , S. Rochat , C. Schmid , N. Schuhler , P. Shchekaturov , M. Seidel , C. Soenke , E. Stadler , C. Stephan , M. Suárez , M. Todorovic , G. Valdes , C. Verinaud , G. Zins , S. Zúñiga-Fernández , the NAOMI Collaboration

As part of the GRAVITY$^{+}$ project, the near-infrared beam combiner GRAVITY and the VLTI are currently undergoing a series of significant upgrades to further improve the performance and sky coverage. The instrumental changes will be…

GRAVITY is a new instrument to coherently combine the light of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer to form a telescope with an equivalent 130 m diameter angular resolution and a collecting area of 200…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-21 GRAVITY Collaboration , R. Abuter , M. Accardo , A. Amorim , N. Anugu , G. Ávila , N. Azouaoui , M. Benisty , J. P. Berger , N. Blind , H. Bonnet , P. Bourget , W. Brandner , R. Brast , A. Buron , L. Burtscher , F. Cassaing , F. Chapron , É. Choquet , Y. Clénet , C. Collin , V. Coudé du Foresto , W. de Wit , P. T. de Zeeuw , C. Deen , F. Delplancke-Ströbele , R. Dembet , F. Derie , J. Dexter , G. Duvert , M. Ebert , A. Eckart , F. Eisenhauer , M. Esselborn , P. Fédou , G. Finger , P. Garcia , C. E. Garcia Dabo , R. Garcia Lopez , E. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , F. Gonte , P. Gordo , M. Grould , U. Grözinger , S. Guieu , P. Haguenauer , O. Hans , X. Haubois , M. Haug , F. Haussmann , Th. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , A. Huber , Z. Hubert , N. Hubin , C. A. Hummel , G. Jakob , A. Janssen , L. Jochum , L. Jocou , A. Kaufer , S. Kellner , L. Kern , P. Kervella , M. Kiekebusch , R. Klein , Y. Kok , J. Kolb , M. Kulas , S. Lacour , V. Lapeyrère , B. Lazareff , J. -B. Le Bouquin , P. Lèna , R. Lenzen , S. Lévêque , M. Lippa , Y. Magnard , L. Mehrgan , M. Mellein , A. Mérand , J. Moreno-Ventas , T. Moulin , E. Müller , F. Müller , U. Neumann , S. Oberti , T. Ott , L. Pallanca , J. Panduro , L. Pasquini , T. Paumard , I. Percheron , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , A. Pflüger , O. Pfuhl , T. Phan Duc , P. M. Plewa , D. Popovic , S. Rabien , A. Ramírez , J. Ramos , C. Rau , M. Riquelme , R. -R. Rohloff , G. Rousset , J. Sanchez-Bermudez , S. Scheithauer , M. Schöller , N. Schuhler , J. Spyromilio , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , M. Suarez , K. R. W. Tristram , N. Ventura , F. Vincent , I. Waisberg , I. Wank , J. Weber , E. Wieprecht , M. Wiest , E. Wiezorrek , M. Wittkowski , J. Woillez , B. Wolff , S. Yazici , D. Ziegler , G. Zins

We present design results of the 2nd generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY beam stabilization and light injection subsystems. Designed to deliver micro-arcsecond astrometry, GRAVITY requires an unprecedented stability of the VLTI optical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-21 O. Pfuhl , M. Haug , F. Eisenhauer , D. Penka , A. Amorim , S. Kellner , S. Gillessen , T. Ott , E. Wieprecht , E. Sturm , F. Haussmann , M. Lippa

We present the second-generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY, which currently is in the preliminary design phase. GRAVITY is specifically designed to observe highly relativistic motions of matter close to the event horizon of Sgr A*, the…

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