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We consider the problem of computing a binary linear transformation using unreliable components when all circuit components are unreliable. Two noise models of unreliable components are considered: probabilistic errors and permanent errors.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Yaoqing Yang , Pulkit Grover , Soummya Kar

We experimentally demonstrate a virtual two-qubit gate and characterize it using quantum process tomography~(QPT). The virtual two-qubit gate decomposes an actual two-qubit gate into single-qubit unitary gates and projection gates in…

We present a robust shadow estimation protocol for wide classes of low-depth measurement circuits that mitigates noise as long as the effective measurement map including noise is locally unitarily invariant. This is in practice an excellent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Renato M. S. Farias , Raghavendra D. Peddinti , Ingo Roth , Leandro Aolita

A common approach to protect confidential information is to use a stream cipher which combines plain text bits with a pseudo-random bit sequence. Among the existing stream ciphers, Non-Linear Feedback Shift Register (NLFSR)-based ones…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-10-30 Shohreh Sharif Mansouri , Elena Dubrova

Recently exposed vulnerabilities reveal the necessity to improve the security of branch predictors. Branch predictors record history about the execution of different programs, and such information from different processes are stored in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Lutan Zhao , Peinan Li , Rui Hou , Michael C. Huang , Jiazhen Li , Lixin Zhang , Xuehai Qian , Dan Meng

With the development of controllable quantum systems, fast and practical characterization for multi-qubit gates is essential for building high-fidelity quantum computing devices. The usual way to fulfill this requirement via randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Yihong Zhang , Wenjun Yu , Pei Zeng , Guoding Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, two-qubit gates in quantum circuits are more susceptible to noise than single-qubit gates. Therefore, reducing the number of two-qubit gates is crucial for improving circuit efficiency and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Kai Chen , Wen Liu , GuoSheng Xu , Yangzhi Li , Maoduo Li , Shouli He

Due to the technical difficulty of building large quantum computers, it is important to be able to estimate how faithful a given implementation is to an ideal quantum computer. The common approach of completely characterizing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-20 Osama Moussa , Marcus P. da Silva , Colm A. Ryan , Raymond Laflamme

High-fidelity two-qubit gates are essential for scalable quantum computing. We present a scheme based on superconducting transmon qubits and a control pulse delivery protocol that enables arbitrary controlled-phase gates modulated solely by…

We propose a phase-difference estimation algorithm based on the tensor-network circuit compression, leveraging time-evolution data to pursue scalability and higher accuracy on a quantum phase estimation (QPE)-type algorithm. Using tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Shu Kanno , Kenji Sugisaki , Rei Sakuma , Jumpei Kato , Hajime Nakamura , Naoki Yamamoto

We develop a hardware-efficient ansatz for variational optimization, derived from existing ansatze in the literature, that parametrizes subsets of all interactions in the Cost Hamiltonian in each layer. We treat gate orderings as a…

The linear cross-entropy benchmark (Linear XEB) has been used as a test for procedures simulating quantum circuits. Given a quantum circuit $C$ with $n$ inputs and outputs and purported simulator whose output is distributed according to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-07 Boaz Barak , Chi-Ning Chou , Xun Gao

Cloud computing offers resource-constrained users big-volume data storage and energy-consuming complicated computation. However, owing to the lack of full trust in the cloud, the cloud users prefer privacy-preserving outsourced data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Wenxiu Ding , Wei Sun , Zheng Yan , Robert H. Deng

We present two scalable and entanglement-free methods for estimating the collective state of an n-qubit quantum computer. The first method consists of a fixed set of five quantum circuits-regardless of the number of qubits-that avoid the…

Probabilistic membership filters support fast approximate membership queries with a controlled false-positive probability $\varepsilon$ and are widely used across storage, analytics, networking, and bioinformatics…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Antoine Limasset

We derive a rigorous upper bound on the classical computation time of finite-ranged tensor network contractions in $d \geq 2$ dimensions. Consequently, we show that quantum circuits of single-qubit and finite-ranged two-qubit gates can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Thorsten B. Wahl , Sergii Strelchuk

We study the scrambling of quantum information in local random unitary circuits by focusing on the tripartite information proposed by Hosur et al. We provide exact results for the averaged R\'enyi-$2$ tripartite information in two cases:…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-18 Bruno Bertini , Lorenzo Piroli

Efficient fidelity estimation of multiqubit quantum states is crucial to many applications in quantum information processing. However, to estimate the infidelity $\epsilon$ with multiplicative precision, conventional estimation protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Zhongyi Yang , Datong Chen , Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu

Nonlinear boolean equation systems play an important role in a wide range of applications. Grover's algorithm is one of the best-known quantum search algorithms in solving the nonlinear boolean equation system on quantum computers. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-16 Xiang Li , Hanxiang Shen , Weiguo Gao , Yingzhou Li

Error mitigation schemes and error-correcting codes have been the center of much effort in quantum information processing research over the last few decades. While most of the successful proposed schemes for error mitigation are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Ido Kaplan , Muhammad Erew , Yonatan Piasetzky , Moshe Goldstein , Yaron Oz , Haim Suchowski