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The climatic challenges are rising across the globe in general and in worst hit under-developed countries in particular. The need for accurate measurements and forecasting of pollutants with low-cost deployment is more pertinent today than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yousuf Hashmy , ZillUllah Khan , Rehan Hafiz , Usman Younis , Tausif Tauqeer

Computer model calibration involves using partial and imperfect observations of the real world to learn which values of a model's input parameters lead to outputs that are consistent with real-world observations. When calibrating models…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-31 Wenzhe Xu , Daniel B. Williamson , Frederic Hourdin , Romain Roehrig

The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) has been designed for the direct detection and characterization of exoplanets and circumstellar disks. GPI is equipped with a dual channel polarimetry mode designed to take advantage of the inherently…

Global and regional climate model projections are useful for gauging future patterns of climate variables, including solar radiation, but data from these models is often too coarse to assess local impacts. Within the context of solar…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-21 Maggie Bailey , Doug Nychka , Manajit Sengupta , Jaemo Yang , Soutir Bandyopadhyay

Confounding and exposure measurement error can introduce bias when drawing inference about the marginal effect of an exposure on an outcome of interest. While there are broad methodologies for addressing each source of bias individually,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-29 Brian D. Richardson , Bryan S. Blette , Peter B. Gilbert , Michael G. Hudgens

Quantile normalisation is a popular normalisation method for data subject to unwanted variations such as images, speech, or genomic data. It applies a monotonic transformation to the feature values of each sample to ensure that after…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-02 Marine Le Morvan , Jean-Philippe Vert

We propose a multiscale approach for predicting quantities in dynamical systems which is explicitly structured to extract information in both fine-to-coarse and coarse-to-fine directions. We envision this method being generally applicable…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Karl Otness , Laure Zanna , Joan Bruna

Variations in zonal surface temperature gradients and zonally asymmetric tropical overturning circulations (Walker circulations) are examined over a wide range of climates simulated with an idealized atmospheric general circulation model…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Timothy M. Merlis , Tapio Schneider

Quantitative inversion algorithms allow for the reconstruction of electrical properties (such as permittivity, and conductivity) for every point in a scene. However, they are challenging to use on measured datasets due to the need to know…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-15 Zacharie Idriss , Raghu Raj

Satellite precipitation retrieval algorithms whose measurement instruments are tilted to the zenith line are subject to a spatial mismatch between the theoretical ground coordinates and the coordinate pair corresponding to the cloud layers…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Andres F. Monsalve , Hernan A. Moreno , Eric Goldenstern , Christian Kummerow

Quantile regression is a technique to estimate conditional quantile curves. It provides a comprehensive picture of a response contingent on explanatory variables. In a flexible modeling framework, a specific form of the conditional quantile…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-08-31 Vladimir Spokoiny , Weining Wang , Wolfgang Karl Härdle

Current climate models often struggle with accuracy because they lack sufficient resolution, a limitation caused by computational constraints. This reduces the precision of weather forecasts and long-term climate predictions. To address…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Adib Bazgir , Yuwen Zhang

Solar irradiance is fundamental data crucial for analyses related to weather and climate. High-precision estimation models are necessary to create areal data for solar irradiance. In this study, we developed a novel estimation model by…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Jun Sasaki , Maki Okada , Kenji Utsunomiya , Koji Yamaguchi

In the context of Cosmic Microwave Background data analysis, we study the solution to the equation that transforms scanning data into a map. As originally suggested in "messenger" methods for solving linear systems, we split the noise…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Bai-Chiang Chiang , Kevin M. Huffenberger

Large bias exists in shortwave cloud radiative effect (SWCRE) of general circulation models (GCMs), attributed mainly to the combined effect of cloud fraction and water contents, whose representations in models remain challenging. Here we…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Hongtao Yang , Guoxing Chen , Wei-Chyung Wang , Qing Bao , Jiandong Li

One way of revealing the nature of the coronal heating mechanism is by comparing simple theoretical one dimensional hydrostatic loop models with observations at the temperature and/or density structure along these features. The most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-22 Sotiris Adamakis , Anthony J. Morton-Jones , Robert W. Walsh

We develop and apply an enhanced regularization algorithm, used in RHESSI X-ray spectral analysis, to constrain the ill-posed inverse problem that is determining the DEM from solar observations. We demonstrate this computationally fast…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 I. G. Hannah , E. P. Kontar

We propose a task-agnostic framework for multimodal fusion of time series and single timestamp images, enabling cross-modal generation and robust downstream performance. Our approach explores deterministic and learned strategies for time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Gianfranco Basile , Johannes Jakubik , Benedikt Blumenstiel , Thomas Brunschwiler , Juan Bernabe Moreno

Using data derived from the H.E.S.S. Phase 1 telescope system and a Ceilometer facility on site, a method of correcting for changing atmospheric quality based on reconstructed shower parameters is presented. The method was applied to data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-28 Sam Nolan , Cameron Rulten , Gerd Puhlhofer

Remote sensing image classification exploiting multiple sensors is a very challenging problem: data from different modalities are affected by spectral distortions and mis-alignments of all kinds, and this hampers re-using models built for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-09 Devis Tuia , Diego Marcos , Gustau Camps-Valls