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Learning compact and meaningful latent space representations has been shown to be very useful in generative modeling tasks for visual data. One particular example is applying Vector Quantization (VQ) in variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xin Li , Anand Sarwate

Discrete latent variables are considered important for real world data, which has motivated research on Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) with discrete latents. However, standard VAE training is not possible in this case, which has motivated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-27 Enrico Guiraud , Jakob Drefs , Jörg Lücke

A variational autoencoder (VAE) is a probabilistic machine learning framework for posterior inference that projects an input set of high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional, latent space. The latent space learned with a VAE offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rafael Pastrana

Variational auto-encoder (VAE) is a powerful unsupervised learning framework for image generation. One drawback of VAE is that it generates blurry images due to its Gaussianity assumption and thus L2 loss. To allow the generation of high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Lei Cai , Hongyang Gao , Shuiwang Ji

In this paper we tackle a fundamental question: "Can we train latent diffusion models together with the variational auto-encoder (VAE) tokenizer in an end-to-end manner?" Traditional deep-learning wisdom dictates that end-to-end training is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xingjian Leng , Jaskirat Singh , Yunzhong Hou , Zhenchang Xing , Saining Xie , Liang Zheng

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful method for learning representations of high-dimensional data. However, VAEs can suffer from an issue known as latent variable collapse (or KL loss vanishing), where the posterior collapses to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Chenghua Lin , Matthew Collinson , Rui Mao

Learning compact and interpretable representations of data is a critical challenge in scientific image analysis. Here, we introduce Affinity-VAE, a generative model that enables us to impose our scientific intuition about the similarity of…

The integration of Vector Quantised Variational AutoEncoder (VQ-VAE) with autoregressive models as generation part has yielded high-quality results on image generation. However, the autoregressive models will strictly follow the progressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Minghui Hu , Yujie Wang , Tat-Jen Cham , Jianfei Yang , P. N. Suganthan

Representation learning seeks to expose certain aspects of observed data in a learned representation that's amenable to downstream tasks like classification. For instance, a good representation for 2D images might be one that describes only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Xi Chen , Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Yan Duan , Prafulla Dhariwal , John Schulman , Ilya Sutskever , Pieter Abbeel

Existing frameworks for learned video compression suffer from a dilemma between inaccurate temporal alignment and error propagation for motion estimation and compensation (ME/MC). The separate-transform framework employs distinct transforms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Han Li , Shaohui Li , Wenrui Dai , Chenglin Li , Xinlong Pan , Haipeng Wang , Junni Zou , Hongkai Xiong

Variational autoencoders (VAEs), as an important aspect of generative models, have received a lot of research interests and reached many successful applications. However, it is always a challenge to achieve the consistency between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Xiaoyu Chen , Chen Gong , Qiang He , Xinwen Hou , Yu Liu

Traditional video compression technologies have been developed over decades in pursuit of higher coding efficiency. Efficient temporal information representation plays a key role in video coding. Thus, in this paper, we propose to exploit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-16 Haojie Liu , Han shen , Lichao Huang , Ming Lu , Tong Chen , Zhan Ma

We propose CLAD -- a Constrained Latent Action Diffusion model for vision-language procedure planning in instructional videos. Procedure planning is the challenging task of predicting intermediate actions given a visual observation of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models for learning latent representations. Standard VAEs generate dispersed and unstructured latent spaces by utilizing all dimensions, which limits their interpretability, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Farshad Sangari Abiz , Reshad Hosseini , Babak N. Araabi

Current video-based Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) primarily focus on learning effective spatiotemporal representations from a visual perspective, which may lead the model to prioritize general spatial-temporal patterns but often overlook…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Shihab Aaqil Ahamed , Malitha Gunawardhana , Liel David , Michael Sidorov , Daniel Harari , Muhammad Haris Khan

Federated learning is a machine learning paradigm that enables decentralized clients to collaboratively learn a shared model while keeping all the training data local. While considerable research has focused on federated image generation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chen Hu , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie , Xiaoke Ma

As deep Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) frameworks become more widely used for modeling biomolecular simulation data, we emphasize the capability of the VAE architecture to concurrently maximize the timescale of the latent space while…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Hannah K. Wayment-Steele , Vijay S. Pande

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a powerful class of deep generative latent variable model for unsupervised representation learning on high-dimensional data. To ensure computational tractability, VAEs are often implemented with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Alex Campbell , Pietro Liò

Variational autoencoders (VAE) encode data into lower-dimensional latent vectors before decoding those vectors back to data. Once trained, decoding a random latent vector from the prior usually does not produce meaningful data, at least…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Alejandro Ascarate , Leo Lebrat , Rodrigo Santa Cruz , Clinton Fookes , Olivier Salvado