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This paper develops a branch-flow based optimal power flow (OPF) problem for multi-phase distribution networks that allows for tap selection of wye, closed-delta, and open-delta step-voltage regulators (SVRs). SVRs are assumed ideal and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-16 Mohammadhafez Bazrafshan , Nikolaos Gatsis , Hao Zhu

Modern power systems face a grand challenge in grid management due to increased electricity demand, imminent disturbances, and uncertainties associated with renewable generation, which can compromise grid security. The security assessment…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Mazhar Ali , Elena Gryazina , Anatoly Dymarsky , Petr Vorobev

Primary Frequency Control (PFC) is a fast acting mechanism used to ensure high-quality power for the grid that is becoming an increasingly attractive option for load participation. Due to speed requirement and other considerations, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Joshua Comden , Tan N. Le , Yue Zhao , Bong Jun Choi , Zhenhua Liu

Electric power grids regularly experience uncertain fluctuations from load demands and renewables, which poses a risk of violating operational limits designed to safeguard the system. In this paper, we consider the robust AC OPF problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Dongchan Lee , Konstantin Turitsyn , Daniel K. Molzahn , Line A. Roald

The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) makes active distribution networks (ADNs) natural providers of flexibility services. However, the optimal operation of flexible units in ADNs is highly complex, which poses challenges…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Andrey Churkin , Wangwei Kong , Jose N. Melchor Gutierrez , Eduardo A. Martínez Ceseña , Pierluigi Mancarella

The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) is leading to continually changing operating conditions, which need to be managed efficiently by distribution grid operators. The intermittent nature of DERs such as solar…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-21 Kshitij Girigoudar , Ashley M. Hou , Line A. Roald

When uncontrollable resources fluctuate, Optimum Power Flow (OPF), routinely used by the electric power industry to re-dispatch hourly controllable generation (coal, gas and hydro plants) over control areas of transmission networks, can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-06 Daniel Bienstock , Michael Chertkov , Sean Harnett

To address computational challenges associated with power flow nonconvexities, significant research efforts over the last decade have developed convex relaxations and approximations of optimal power flow (OPF) problems. However, benefits…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-24 Babak Taheri , Daniel K. Molzahn

With the increasing number of flexible energy devices in distribution grids, coordination between Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs) becomes critical for optimal system operation. One form of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Maísa Beraldo Bandeira , Alexander Engelmann , Timm Faulwasser

In order to prevent conflicting or counteracting use of flexibility options, the coordination between distribution system operator and transmission system operator has to be strengthened. For this purpose, methods for the standardized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-03 Gerster Johannes , Marcel Sarstedt , Eric MSP Veith , Sebastian Lehnhoff , Lutz Hofmann

For enhancing power flow control in power transmission, a simplified new structure of direct power flow controller with continuous full regulation range (F-DPFC) was proposed. It has only one-stage power conversion and comprises of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-31 Chong Yao , Youjun Zhang

The rapid expansion of data center infrastructure is reshaping power system dynamics by significantly increasing electricity demand while also offering potential for fast and controllable flexibility. To ensure reliable operation under such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Pengyu Ren , Wei Sun , Yifan Wang , Gareth Harrison

This paper considers distribution networks featuring inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources, and develops distributed feedback controllers that continuously drive the inverter output powers to solutions of AC optimal power flow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Emiliano Dall'Anese , Andrea Simonetto

High penetration of renewable energy sources intensifies frequency fluctuations in multi-area power systems, challenging both stability and operational safety. This paper proposes a novel distributed frequency control method that ensures…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Xiemin Mo , Tao Liu

Hybrid AC/DC microgrids with distributed energy storage (DS) improve power reliability in remote areas. Existing power management methods either focus on steady-state power sharing or transient inertia support, but rarely combine both. They…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Qingzuo Meng , Pengfeng Lin , Yujie Wang , Miao Zhu , Amer M. Ghias , Syed Islam , Frede Blaabjerg

The increasing demand for electricity and the aging infrastructure of power distribution systems have raised significant concerns about future system reliability. Failures in distribution systems, closely linked to system usage and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-21 Gejia Zhang , Robert Mieth

In this paper we present a framework to efficiently characterize the available operational flexibility in a multi-area power system. We focus on the available reserves and the tie-line flows. The proposed approach is an alternative to the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Matthias Bucher , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis , Göran Andersson

Transmission line failures in power systems propagate and cascade non-locally. In this work, we propose an adaptive control strategy that offers strong guarantees in both the mitigation and localization of line failures. Specifically, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Chen Liang , Linqi Guo , Alessandro Zocca , Steven H. Low , Adam Wierman

AC/multi-terminal DC (MTDC) hybrid power systems have emerged as a solution for the large-scale and longdistance accommodation of power produced by renewable energy systems (RESs). To ensure the optimal operation of such hybrid power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Haixiao Li , Aleksandra Lekić

As power systems become more complex and uncertain, low-voltage distribution networks face numerous challenges, including three-phase imbalances caused by asymmetrical loads and distributed energy resources. We propose a robust stochastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Rui Wang , Xiaoqing Bai , Shengquan Huang , Shoupu Wei