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Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used tool for linear dimensionality reduction and clustering. Still it is highly sensitive to outliers and does not scale well with respect to the number of data samples. Robust PCA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-24 Nauman Shahid , Vassilis Kalofolias , Xavier Bresson , Michael Bronstein , Pierre Vandergheynst

Unmeasured or latent variables are often the cause of correlations between multivariate measurements, which are studied in a variety of fields such as psychology, ecology, and medicine. For Gaussian measurements, there are classical tools…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Łukasz Kidziński , Francis K. C. Hui , David I. Warton , Trevor Hastie

Estimating large covariance and precision matrices are fundamental in modern multivariate analysis. The problems arise from statistical analysis of large panel economics and finance data. The covariance matrix reveals marginal correlations…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-17 Jianqing Fan , Yuan Liao , Han Liu

We propose a new method for supervised learning, especially suited to wide data where the number of features is much greater than the number of observations. The method combines the lasso ($\ell_1$) sparsity penalty with a quadratic penalty…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-25 J. Kenneth Tay , Jerome Friedman , Robert Tibshirani

In this short paper, a matrix perturbation bound on the eigenvalues found by principal component analysis is investigated, for the case in which the data matrix on which principal component analysis is performed is a convex combination of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-19 Giorgio Gnecco , Andrea Bacigalupo

We study semiparametric factor models in high-dimensional panels where the factor loadings consist of a nonparametric component explained by observed covariates and an idiosyncratic component capturing unobserved heterogeneity. A key…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Sijie Zheng

Factor Analysis (FA) is a technique of fundamental importance that is widely used in classical and modern multivariate statistics, psychometrics and econometrics. In this paper, we revisit the classical rank-constrained FA problem, which…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-25 Dimitris Bertsimas , Martin S. Copenhaver , Rahul Mazumder

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widespread technique for data analysis that relies on the covariance-correlation matrix of the analyzed data. However to properly work with high-dimensional data, PCA poses severe mathematical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-18 Luigi Leonardo Palese

Low-rank factorization is a popular model compression technique that minimizes the error $\delta$ between approximated and original weight matrices. Despite achieving performances close to the original models when $\delta$ is optimized, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Boyang Zhang , Daning Cheng , Yunquan Zhang , Fangming Liu , Jiake Tian

The paper considers linear regression problems where the number of predictor variables is possibly larger than the sample size. The basic motivation of the study is to combine the points of view of model selection and functional regression…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-24 Alois Kneip , Pascal Sarda

This paper investigates the intrinsic group structures within the framework of large-dimensional approximate factor models, which portrays homogeneous effects of the common factors on the individuals that fall into the same group. To this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-18 Yong He , Dong Liu , Guangming Pan , Yiming Wang

Classical multivariate principal component analysis has been extended to functional data and termed functional principal component analysis (FPCA). Most existing FPCA approaches do not accommodate covariate information, and it is the goal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-02 Ci-Ren Jiang , Jane-Ling Wang

Latent factor model estimation typically relies on either using domain knowledge to manually pick several observed covariates as factor proxies, or purely conducting multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis. However, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-04 Runzhe Wan , Yingying Li , Wenbin Lu , Rui Song

In this paper we analyze different ways of performing principal component analysis throughout three different approaches: robust covariance and correlation matrix estimation, projection pursuit approach and non-parametric maximum entropy…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-04 María Camila Vásquez-Correa , Henry Laniado Rodas

Factor models are widely applied to the analysis of multivariate data across disparate fields of research. However, modern scientific data are often incomplete, and estimating a factor model from partially observed data can be very…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Giuseppe Vinci

Factor analysis provides linear factors that describe relationships between individual variables of a data set. We extend this classical formulation into linear factors that describe relationships between groups of variables, where each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-12-03 Arto Klami , Seppo Virtanen , Eemeli Leppäaho , Samuel Kaski

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction tool in the analysis of many kind of high-dimensional data. It is used in signal processing, mechanical engineering, psychometrics, and other fields under different…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-15 Ngoc Mai Tran , Maria Osipenko , Wolfgang Karl Haerdle

Low-rank matrix factorizations are a class of linear models widely used in various fields such as machine learning, signal processing, and data analysis. These models approximate a matrix as the product of two smaller matrices, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Olivier Vu Thanh

Factor analysis aims to describe high dimensional random vectors by means of a small number of unknown common factors. In mathematical terms, it is required to decompose the covariance matrix $\Sigma$ of the random vector as the sum of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Valentina Ciccone , Augusto Ferrante , Mattia Zorzi

In many domains such as healthcare or finance, data often come in different assays or measurement modalities, with features in each assay having a common theme. Simply concatenating these assays together and performing prediction can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-17 J. Kenneth Tay , Robert Tibshirani