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Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have been developed to provide students with personalized learning experiences by adaptively generating learning paths optimized for each individual. Within the vast scope of ITS, score prediction stands…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Youngnam Lee , Byungsoo Kim , Dongmin Shin , JungHoon Kim , Jineon Baek , Jinhwan Lee , Youngduck Choi

Classifiers are an important and defining feature of the Chinese language, and their correct prediction is key to numerous educational applications. Yet, whether the most popular Large Language Models (LLMs) possess proper knowledge the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ziqi Zhang , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Jieshun You , Zhaoxin Feng

Today, the acquisition of various behavioral log data has enabled deeper understanding of customer preferences and future behaviors in the marketing field. In particular, multimodal deep learning has achieved highly accurate predictions by…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Junichiro Niimi

Intelligent Tutoring Systems have become critically important in future learning environments. Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a crucial part of that system. It is about inferring the skill mastery of students and predicting their performance to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Sein Minn , Jill-Jenn Vie , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima , Feida Zhu

The ability to model intra-modal and inter-modal interactions is fundamental in multimodal machine learning. The current state-of-the-art models usually adopt deep learning models with fixed structures. They can achieve exceptional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Qingpei Guo , Kaisheng Yao , Wei Chu

For the field of education, being able to generate semantically correct and educationally relevant multiple choice questions (MCQs) could have a large impact. While question generation itself is an active research topic, generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Jeroen Offerijns , Suzan Verberne , Tessa Verhoef

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) often contain an automated feedback component, which provides a predefined feedback message to students when they detect a predefined error. To such a feedback component, we often resort to template-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Hunter McNichols , Jaewook Lee , Stephen Fancsali , Steve Ritter , Andrew Lan

Pretrained language models have led to significant performance gains in many NLP tasks. However, the intensive computing resources to train such models remain an issue. Knowledge distillation alleviates this problem by learning a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Linqing Liu , Huan Wang , Jimmy Lin , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Prior work on scientific question answering has largely emphasized chatbot-style systems, with limited exploration of fine-tuning foundation models for domain-specific reasoning. In this study, we developed a chatbot for the University of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Aurélie Montfrond

We study the problem of incorporating prior knowledge into a deep Transformer-based model,i.e.,Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), to enhance its performance on semantic textual matching tasks. By probing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Tingyu Xia , Yue Wang , Yuan Tian , Yi Chang

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational settings has brought new learning approaches, transforming the practices of both students and educators. Among the various technologies driving this transformation, Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Giorgio Biancini , Alessio Ferrato , Carla Limongelli

We explore creating automated, personalized feedback in an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). Our goal is to pinpoint correct and incorrect concepts in student answers in order to achieve better student learning gains. Although automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Matt Grenander , Robert Belfer , Ekaterina Kochmar , Iulian V. Serban , François St-Hilaire , Jackie C. K. Cheung

Pre-trained large language models (LLM) are starting to be widely used in many applications. In this work, we explore the use of these models in interactive machine translation (IMT) environments. In particular, we have chosen mBART…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Angel Navarro , Francisco Casacuberta

Multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) is a key competence of performant transformer language models that is tested by mainstream benchmarks. However, recent evidence shows that models can have quite a range of performance, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sarah Wiegreffe , Oyvind Tafjord , Yonatan Belinkov , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Ashish Sabharwal

Question Answering (QA) is a task in natural language processing that has seen considerable growth after the advent of transformers. There has been a surge in QA datasets that have been proposed to challenge natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Kate Pearce , Tiffany Zhan , Aneesh Komanduri , Justin Zhan

Community Question Answering (CQA) becomes increasingly prevalent in recent years. However, there are a large number of answers, which is difficult for users to select the relevant answers. Therefore, answer selection is a very significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Xinghang Hu

Machine based text comprehension has always been a significant research field in natural language processing. Once a full understanding of the text context and semantics is achieved, a deep learning model can be trained to solve a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Omar Mossad , Amgad Ahmed , Anandharaju Raju , Hari Karthikeyan , Zayed Ahmed

This study aims at improving the performance of scoring student responses in science education automatically. BERT-based language models have shown significant superiority over traditional NLP models in various language-related tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Zhengliang Liu , Xinyu He , Lei Liu , Tianming Liu , Xiaoming Zhai

As the recent Large Language Models(LLM's) become increasingly competent in zero-shot and few-shot reasoning across various domains, educators are showing a growing interest in leveraging these LLM's in conversation-based tutoring systems.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Minju Park , Sojung Kim , Seunghyun Lee , Soonwoo Kwon , Kyuseok Kim

Intelligent and adaptive online education systems aim to make high-quality education available for a diverse range of students. However, existing systems usually depend on a pool of hand-made questions, limiting how fine-grained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Megha Srivastava , Noah Goodman