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Recent research has focused on exploring the vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming to elicit harmful and/or sensitive content from LLMs. However, due to the insufficient research on dual-jailbreaking -- attacks targeting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xinzhe Huang , Kedong Xiu , Tianhang Zheng , Churui Zeng , Wangze Ni , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren , Chun Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Artificial Intelligence (AI) services due to their exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human-like text. LLM chatbots, in particular, have seen widespread adoption,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Yuekang Li , Kailong Wang , Ying Zhang , Zefeng Li , Haoyu Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu

Jailbreak attacks are crucial for identifying and mitigating the security vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). They are designed to bypass safeguards and elicit prohibited outputs. However, due to significant differences among…

Safety alignment mechanism are essential for preventing large language models (LLMs) from generating harmful information or unethical content. However, cleverly crafted prompts can bypass these safety measures without accessing the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Sunbowen Lee , Shiwen Ni , Chi Wei , Shuaimin Li , Liyang Fan , Ahmadreza Argha , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Ruifeng Xu , Yicheng Gong , Min Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) aligned with human feedback have recently garnered significant attention. However, it remains vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, where adversaries manipulate prompts to induce harmful outputs. Exploring jailbreak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Hongyi Li , Jiawei Ye , Jie Wu , Tianjie Yan , Chu Wang , Zhixin Li

Despite extensive pre-training in moral alignment to prevent generating harmful information, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. In this paper, we propose AutoDefense, a multi-agent defense framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Yifan Zeng , Yiran Wu , Xiao Zhang , Huazheng Wang , Qingyun Wu

GPT-4V has attracted considerable attention due to its extraordinary capacity for integrating and processing multimodal information. At the same time, its ability of face recognition raises new safety concerns of privacy leakage. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yuanwei Wu , Yue Huang , Yixin Liu , Xiang Li , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

We present MultiBreak, a scalable and diverse multi-turn jailbreak benchmark to evaluate large language model (LLM) safety. Multi-turn jailbreaks mimic natural conversational settings, making them easier to bypass safety-aligned LLM than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jialin Song , Xiaodong Liu , Weiwei Yang , Wuyang Chen , Mingqian Feng , Xuekai Zhu , Jianfeng Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks. Nevertheless, they still pose notable safety risks due to potential misuse for malicious purposes. Jailbreaking, which seeks to induce models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hua Tang , Lingyong Yan , Yukun Zhao , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jizhou Huang , Dawei Yin

Extensive efforts have been made before the public release of Large language models (LLMs) to align their behaviors with human values. However, even meticulously aligned LLMs remain vulnerable to malicious manipulations such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Zeguan Xiao , Yan Yang , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks where adversarial prompts elicit harmful outputs. Yet most evaluations focus on single-turn interactions while real-world attacks unfold through adaptive multi-turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Aashray Reddy , Andrew Zagula , Nicholas Saban

Jailbreak attacks in large language models (LLMs) entail inducing the models to generate content that breaches ethical and legal norm through the use of malicious prompts, posing a substantial threat to LLM security. Current strategies for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Lin Lu , Hai Yan , Zenghui Yuan , Jiawen Shi , Wenqi Wei , Pin-Yu Chen , Pan Zhou

In deployment and application, large language models (LLMs) typically undergo safety alignment to prevent illegal and unethical outputs. However, the continuous advancement of jailbreak attack techniques, designed to bypass safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Chuhan Zhang , Ye Zhang , Bowen Shi , Yuyou Gan , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji , Dazhan Deng , Yingcai Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly integrated with various applications. To ensure that LLMs do not generate unsafe responses, they are aligned with safeguards that specify what content is restricted. However, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Hongyu Cai , Arjun Arunasalam , Leo Y. Lin , Antonio Bianchi , Z. Berkay Celik

Extensive work has been devoted to improving the safety mechanism of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, LLMs still tend to generate harmful responses when faced with malicious instructions, a phenomenon referred to as "Jailbreak…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yanrui Du , Sendong Zhao , Ming Ma , Yuhan Chen , Bing Qin

The aligned Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful language understanding and decision-making tools that are created through extensive alignment with human feedback. However, these large models remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Xiaogeng Liu , Nan Xu , Muhao Chen , Chaowei Xiao

Despite substantial advancements in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, current safety mechanisms remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks. We hypothesize that this vulnerability stems from distributional discrepancies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jingyu Peng , Maolin Wang , Nan Wang , Jiatong Li , Yuchen Li , Yuyang Ye , Wanyu Wang , Pengyue Jia , Kai Zhang , Xiangyu Zhao

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their exceptional natural language processing capabilities. However, concerns about their trustworthiness remain unresolved, particularly in addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Yue Huang , Jingyu Tang , Dongping Chen , Bingda Tang , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Xiangliang Zhang

Although safely enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling various complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks, particularly the unknown jailbreak attack. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Fan Liu , Zhao Xu , Hao Liu

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Erick Galinkin , Martin Sablotny
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