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Two iterative techniques are described for decomposing a long-slit spectrum into the individual spectra of the point sources along the slit and the spectrum of the underlying background. One technique imposes the strong constraint that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. B. Lucy , J. R. Walsh

In computational optics, numerical modeling of diffraction between arbitrary planes offers unparalleled flexibility. However, existing methods suffer from the trade-off between computational accuracy and efficiency. To resolve this dilemma,…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-12 Yiwen Hu , Xin Liu , Shi Feng , Xu Liu , Xiang Hao

Polarized X-rays allow for imaging birefringent or dichroic properties of materials with nanometric resolution. To disentangle these properties from the electronic density, either a polarization analyzer or several measurements with…

Multi-mode fibers provide an increased amount of data transfer rates given a large number of transmission modes. Unfortunately, the increased number of modes in a multi-mode fiber hinders the accurate transfer of information due to…

Optics · Physics 2023-02-16 Alim Yolalmaz , Emre Yüce

Direct ptychography enables the retrieval of information encoded in the phase of an electron wave passing through a thin sample by deconvolving the interference effects of a converged probe with known aberrations. Under the weak phase…

Image harmonization aims to adjust the foreground illumination in a composite image to make it harmonious. The existing harmonization methods can only produce one deterministic result for a composite image, ignoring that a composite image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xinhao Tao , Tianyuan Qiu , Junyan Cao , Li Niu

Eliminating reflections caused by incident light interacting with reflective medium remains an ill-posed problem in the image restoration area. The primary challenge arises from the overlapping of reflection and transmission components in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Pengbo Guo , Chengxu Liu , Guoshuai Zhao , Xingsong Hou , Jialie Shen , Xueming Qian

We consider imaging the reflectivity of scatterers from intensity-only data recorded by a single moving transducer that both emits and receives signals, forming a synthetic aperture. By exploiting frequency illumination diversity, we obtain…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Miguel Moscoso , Alexei Novikov , George Papanicolaou , Chrysoula Tsogka

We introduce a wavelength-multiplexed massively parallel diffractive information storage platform composed of dielectric surfaces that are structurally optimized at the wavelength scale using deep learning to store and project thousands of…

Various imaging techniques have significantly enhanced our ability to visualize objects embedded within complex media such as biological tissues, fog, atmosphere, or various turbid media. Optical imaging, in particular, offers multiple…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-05 Mingwei He , Sujit K. Sahoo , Chengyuan Xiao , Cuong Dang

Data compression is a method of improving the efficiency of transmission and storage of images. Dithering, as a method of data compression, can be used to convert an 8-bit gray level image into a 1-bit / binary image. Undithering is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-08-17 V. Asha

Snapshot spectral imaging is rapidly gaining interest for remote sensing applications. Acquiring spatial and spectral data within one image promotes fast measurement times, and reduces the need for stabilized scanning imaging systems. Many…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-05 Rebecca French , Sylvain Gigan , Otto L. Muskens

It has been recognized that many complex dynamical systems in the real world require a description in terms of multiplex networks, where a set of common, mutually connected nodes belong to distinct network layers and play a different role…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-23 Chuang Ma , Han-Shuang Chen , Xiang Li , Ying-Cheng Lai , Hai-Feng Zhang

In recent years, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has been proposed as a promising solution in order to increase the information capacity of optical networks both in free-space and in optical fiber transmission. Here we present the design,…

Lensless fiber endomicroscope is an emerging tool for in-vivo microscopic imaging, where quantitative phase imaging (QPI) can be utilized as a label-free method to enhance image contrast. However, existing single-shot phase reconstruction…

Most modern optical display and sensing devices utilize a limited number of spectral units within the visible range, based on human color perception. In contrast, the rapid advancement of machine-based pattern recognition and spectral…

Speckle based imaging consists of forming a super-resolved reconstruction of an unknown sample from low-resolution images obtained under random inhomogeneous illuminations (speckles). In a blind context where the illuminations are unknown,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-11-10 Jérôme Idier , Simon Labouesse , Marc Allain , Penghuan Liu , Sébastien Bourguignon , Anne Sentenac

This work is concerned with the problem of blind source separation and its applications to imaging. We first establish a theoretical result that we stated in our previous article on imaging in diffusive environments. This result is a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Randy Bartels , Olivier Pinaud

In recent years, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on achieving the diffraction limit with large aperture telescopes. For a well matched focal-plane instrument, the diffraction limit provides the highest possible angular resolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Bland-Hawthorn , A. Horton

Multiexponential modeling of relaxation or diffusion MR signal decays is a popular approach for estimating and spatially mapping different microstructural tissue compartments. While this approach can be quite powerful, it is also limited by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-10 Daeun Kim , Jessica L. Wisnowski , Christopher T. Nguyen , Justin P. Haldar