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With the rise of text-to-image (T2I) generative AI models reaching wide audiences, it is critical to evaluate model robustness against non-obvious attacks to mitigate the generation of offensive images. By focusing on ``implicitly…

Despite rapid advancements in text-to-image (T2I) models, their safety mechanisms are vulnerable to adversarial prompts, which maliciously generate unsafe images. Current red-teaming methods for proactively assessing such vulnerabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yufan Liu , Wanqian Zhang , Huashan Chen , Lin Wang , Xiaojun Jia , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant privacy, security, and ethical concerns. While much research has proposed methods for defending LLM systems against misuse by malicious actors, researchers have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Alberto Purpura , Sahil Wadhwa , Jesse Zymet , Akshay Gupta , Andy Luo , Melissa Kazemi Rad , Swapnil Shinde , Mohammad Shahed Sorower

Text-to-Image models may generate harmful content, such as pornographic images, particularly when unsafe prompts are submitted. To address this issue, safety filters are often added on top of text-to-image models, or the models themselves…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhengyuan Jiang , Yuepeng Hu , Yuchen Yang , Yinzhi Cao , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Generative models are rapidly gaining popularity and being integrated into everyday applications, raising concerns over their safe use as various vulnerabilities are exposed. In light of this, the field of red teaming is undergoing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Lizhi Lin , Honglin Mu , Zenan Zhai , Minghan Wang , Yuxia Wang , Renxi Wang , Junjie Gao , Yixuan Zhang , Wanxiang Che , Timothy Baldwin , Xudong Han , Haonan Li

Large Language Model (LLM) safeguards, which implement request refusals, have become a widely adopted mitigation strategy against misuse. At the intersection of adversarial machine learning and AI safety, safeguard red teaming has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zifan Wang , Christina Q. Knight , Jeremy Kritz , Willow E. Primack , Julian Michael

Training multimodal generative models on large, uncurated datasets can result in users being exposed to harmful, unsafe and controversial or culturally-inappropriate outputs. While model editing has been proposed to remove or filter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Mubarak Shah , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Text-to-image generative models are widely deployed in creative tools and online platforms. To mitigate misuse, these systems rely on safety filters and moderation pipelines that aim to block harmful or policy violating content. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Ahmed B Mustafa , Zihan Ye , Yang Lu , Michael P Pound , Shreyank N Gowda

Red teaming is a common strategy for identifying weaknesses in generative language models (LMs), where adversarial prompts are produced that trigger an LM to generate unsafe responses. Red teaming is instrumental for both model alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Nevan Wichers , Carson Denison , Ahmad Beirami

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zeyang Sha , Zheng Li , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

Despite the substantial advancements in artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) remain being challenged by generation safety. With adversarial jailbreaking prompts, one can effortlessly induce LLMs to output harmful content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuhao Du , Zhuo Li , Pengyu Cheng , Xiang Wan , Anningzhe Gao

As generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), become increasingly integrated into production applications, new attack surfaces and vulnerabilities emerge and put a focus on adversarial threats in natural language and…

Large language models (LLMs) hold great potential for many natural language applications but risk generating incorrect or toxic content. To probe when an LLM generates unwanted content, the current paradigm is to recruit a \textit{red team}…

Recent works show that text-to-image generative models are surprisingly vulnerable to a variety of poisoning attacks. Empirical results find that these models can be corrupted by altering associations between individual text prompts and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wenxin Ding , Cathy Y. Li , Shawn Shan , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

Adversarial testing of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for their safe and responsible deployment. We introduce a novel approach for automated generation of adversarial evaluation datasets to test the safety of LLM generations on new…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Kevin Robinson , Lora Aroyo , Preethi Lahoti

Automated red teaming is an effective method for identifying misaligned behaviors in large language models (LLMs). Existing approaches, however, often focus primarily on improving attack success rates while overlooking the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Jinchuan Zhang , Yan Zhou , Yaxin Liu , Ziming Li , Songlin Hu

The increasing deployment of large language models (LLMs) in safety-critical applications raises fundamental challenges in systematically evaluating robustness against adversarial behaviors. Existing red-teaming practices are largely manual…

Recently, red teaming, with roots in security, has become a key evaluative approach to ensure the safety and reliability of Generative Artificial Intelligence. However, most existing work emphasizes technical benchmarks and attack success…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Adriana Alvarado Garcia , Ruyuan Wan , Ozioma C. Oguine , Karla Badillo-Urquiola

Red-teaming has been a widely adopted way to evaluate the harmfulness of Large Language Models (LLMs). It aims to jailbreak a model's safety behavior to make it act as a helpful agent disregarding the harmfulness of the query. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Understanding the capabilities of text-to-image (T2I) models in harmful content generation is essential to safety and compliance. However, human red-teaming is costly and inconsistent, driving the need for automatic tools that simulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhi-Yi Chin , Pin-Yu Chen , Wei-Chen Chiu , Mario Fritz