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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) extend the success of language models to visual understanding, and recent efforts have sought to build unified MLLMs that support both understanding and generation. However, constructing such models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hanyu Wang , Jiaming Han , Ziyan Yang , Qi Zhao , Shanchuan Lin , Xiangyu Yue , Abhinav Shrivastava , Zhenheng Yang , Hao Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are making significant progress in multimodal reasoning. Early approaches focus on pure text-based reasoning. More recent studies have incorporated multimodal information into the reasoning steps;…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Dongjie Cheng , Yongqi Li , Zhixin Ma , Hongru Cai , Yupeng Hu , Wenjie Wang , Liqiang Nie , Wenjie Li

We introduce EmbeddingGemma, a new lightweight, open text embedding model based on the Gemma 3 language model family. Our innovative training recipe strategically captures knowledge from larger models via encoder-decoder initialization and…

Current movie dubbing technology can produce the desired speech using a reference voice and input video, maintaining perfect synchronization with the visuals while effectively conveying the intended emotions. However, crucial aspects of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Junjie Zheng , Zihao Chen , Chaofan Ding , Yunming Liang , Yihan Fan , Huan Yang , Lei Xie , Xinhan Di

Embedding models have been crucial in enabling various downstream tasks such as semantic similarity, information retrieval, and clustering. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in developing universal text embedding models that can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ziyan Jiang , Rui Meng , Xinyi Yang , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou , Wenhu Chen

Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) excel at video understanding tasks where outputs are textual, such as Video Question Answering and Video Captioning. However, they underperform specialized embedding-based models in Retrieval tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rohit Gupta , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Fan Fei , Sheng Liu , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

The remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has extended to the multimodal domain, achieving outstanding performance in image understanding and generation. Recent efforts to develop unified Multimodal Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Hao Li , Changyao Tian , Jie Shao , Xizhou Zhu , Zhaokai Wang , Jinguo Zhu , Wenhan Dou , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li , Lewei Lu , Jifeng Dai

Generative cross-modal retrieval, which treats retrieval as a generation task, has emerged as a promising direction with the rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). In this setting, the model responds to a text query by generating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tianyuan Li , Lei Wang , Ahtamjan Ahmat , Yating Yang , Bo Ma , Rui Dong , Bangju Han

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable potential in Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) through generating high-quality multi-vector embeddings, the substantial storage overhead caused by representing a page…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jiahao Huo , Yu Huang , Yibo Yan , Ye Pan , Kening Zheng , Wei-Chieh Huang , Yi Cao , Mingdong Ou , Philip S. Yu , Xuming Hu

Multimodal embedding models have been crucial in enabling various downstream tasks such as semantic similarity, information retrieval, and clustering over different modalities. However, existing multimodal embeddings like VLM2Vec, E5-V, GME…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Rui Meng , Ziyan Jiang , Ye Liu , Mingyi Su , Xinyi Yang , Yuepeng Fu , Can Qin , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong , Yingbo Zhou , Wenhu Chen , Semih Yavuz

The field of advanced text-to-image generation is witnessing the emergence of unified frameworks that integrate powerful text encoders, such as CLIP and T5, with Diffusion Transformer backbones. Although there have been efforts to control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Liang Chen , Shuai Bai , Wenhao Chai , Weichu Xie , Haozhe Zhao , Leon Vinci , Junyang Lin , Baobao Chang

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

In class-incremental learning (CIL) scenarios, the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting caused by the classifier's bias towards the current task has long posed a significant challenge. It is mainly caused by the characteristic of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Xusheng Cao , Haori Lu , Linlan Huang , Xialei Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng

Contrastive learning has been successfully used for retrieval of semantically aligned sentences, but it often requires large batch sizes or careful engineering to work well. In this paper, we instead propose a generative model for learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 John Wieting , Jonathan H. Clark , William W. Cohen , Graham Neubig , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Multimodal learning combines multiple data modalities, broadening the types and complexity of data our models can utilize: for example, from plain text to image-caption pairs. Most multimodal learning algorithms focus on modeling simple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Minji Yoon , Jing Yu Koh , Bryan Hooi , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Textual-visual cross-modal retrieval has been a hot research topic in both computer vision and natural language processing communities. Learning appropriate representations for multi-modal data is crucial for the cross-modal retrieval…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Jiuxiang Gu , Jianfei Cai , Shafiq Joty , Li Niu , Gang Wang

Multimodal Entity Linking (MEL) is the task of mapping mentions with multimodal contexts to the referent entities from a knowledge base. Existing MEL methods mainly focus on designing complex multimodal interaction mechanisms and require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Senbao Shi , Zhenran Xu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Cross-modal retrieval between food images and recipe texts is an important task with applications in nutritional management, dietary logging, and cooking assistance. Existing methods predominantly rely on dual-encoder architectures with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Keisuke Gomi , Keiji Yanai

We present Emu, a Transformer-based multimodal foundation model, which can seamlessly generate images and texts in multimodal context. This omnivore model can take in any single-modality or multimodal data input indiscriminately (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Quan Sun , Qiying Yu , Yufeng Cui , Fan Zhang , Xiaosong Zhang , Yueze Wang , Hongcheng Gao , Jingjing Liu , Tiejun Huang , Xinlong Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising advancements in general visual and language understanding. However, the representation of multimodal information using MLLMs remains largely unexplored. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Ting Jiang , Minghui Song , Zihan Zhang , Haizhen Huang , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang