Related papers: Benford's law in atomic spectra and opacity databa…
We show that the laws of Zipf and Benford, obeyed by scores of numerical data generated by many and diverse kinds of natural phenomena and human activity are related to the focal expression of a generalized thermodynamic structure. This…
The famous \emph{circular law} asserts that if $M_n$ is an $n \times n$ matrix with iid complex entries of mean zero and unit variance, then the empirical spectral distribution (ESD) of the normalized matrix $\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} M_n$…
Renyi's "thinning" operation on a discrete random variable is a natural discrete analog of the scaling operation for continuous random variables. The properties of thinning are investigated in an information-theoretic context, especially in…
We prove that many sequences of positive numbers $(a_n)$ defined by finite linear difference equations $a_{n+k}=c_{k-1}a_{n+k-1}+...+c_0a_n$ with suitable non negative reals coefficients $c_i$ satisfy Bendford's Law on the first digit in…
It has long been known that sequences such as the powers of $2$ and the factorials satisfy Benford's Law; that is, leading digits in these sequences occur with frequencies given by $P(d)=\log_{10}(1+1/d)$, $d=1,2,\dots,9$. In this paper, we…
It is pointed out that the language of quotient groups and wrapped distributions allows an elementary discussion of Benford's Law, and adds arguments supporting wide-spread observability of this statistics.
It has long been observed that the number of weak lines from many-electron atoms follows a power law distribution of intensity. While computer simulations have reproduced this dependence, its origin has not yet been clarified. Here we…
Statistical laws describe regular patterns observed in diverse scientific domains, ranging from the magnitude of earthquakes (Gutenberg-Richter law) and metabolic rates in organisms (Kleiber's law), to the frequency distribution of words in…
Suppose you look at today's stock prices and bet on the value of the first digit. One could guess that a fair bet should correspond to the frequency of $1/9 = 11.11%$ for each digit from 1 to 9. This is by no means the case, and one can…
The negative binomial distribution (NBD) has been theorized to express a scale-invariant property of many-body systems and has been consistently shown to outperform other statistical models in both describing the multiplicity of…
This study actually draws from and builds on an earlier paper (Kumar and Bhattacharya, 2002). Here we have basically added a neutrosophic dimension to the problem of determining the conditional probability that a financial fraud has been…
When a variety of anomalous features motivate flagging different samples as outliers, Algorithmic Information Theory (AIT) offers a principled way to unify them in terms of a sample's randomness deficiency. Subject to the algorithmic Markov…
This article presents a modern deterministic framework for the study of leading significant digit distributions in numerical data. Rather than relying on traditional probabilistic or mixture-based explanations, we demonstrate that the…
We consider the continued fraction digits as random variables measured with respect to Lebesgue measure. The logarithmically scaled and normalized fluctuation process of the digit sums converges strongly distributional to a random variable…
In this paper, we consider the sublinear expectation on bounded random variables. With the notion of uncorrelatedness for random variables under the sublinear expectation, a weak law of large numbers is obtained. With the notion of…
The onset of the Rayleigh-Benard instability in a horizontal fluid layer is investigated by assuming the fluid as a binary mixture and the concentration buoyancy as the driving force. The focus of this study is on the anomalous diffusion…
The equations of anomalous magnetohydrodynamics describe an Abelian plasma where conduction and chiral currents are simultaneously present and constrained by the second law of thermodynamics. At high frequencies the magnetic currents play…
We present analytical results for the biased diffusion of particles moving under a constant force in a randomly layered medium. The influence of this medium on the particle dynamics is modeled by a piecewise constant random force. The…
Drawing on an analogy with the second law of thermodynamics for adiabatically isolated systems, Cover argued that data-processing inequalities may be seen as second laws for "computationally isolated systems," namely, systems evolving…
The theory of random matrices contains many central limit theorems. We have central limit theorems for eigenvalues statistics, for the log-determinant and log-permanent, for limiting distribution of individual eigenvalues in the bulk, and…