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The framework of mixed observable Markov decision processes (MOMDP) models many robotic domains in which some state variables are fully observable while others are not. In this work, we identify a significant subclass of MOMDPs defined by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hai Nguyen , Zhihan Yang , Andrea Baisero , Xiao Ma , Robert Platt , Christopher Amato

Motion mimicking, i.e., encouraging the control policy to mimic human motion, facilitates the learning of complex tasks via reinforcement learning (RL) for humanoid robots. Although standard RL frameworks demonstrate impressive locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ludwig Chee-Ying Tay , I-Chia Chang , Yan Gu

The embodied learning of human motor control requires whole-body neuro-actuated musculoskeletal dynamics, while the internal muscle-driven processes underlying movement remain inaccessible to direct measurement. Computational modeling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yunyue Wei , Chenhui Zuo , Shanning Zhuang , Haixin Gong , Yaming Liu , Yanan Sui

Achieving safe and coordinated behavior in dynamic, constraint-rich environments remains a major challenge for learning-based control. Pure end-to-end learning often suffers from poor sample efficiency and limited reliability, while…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Max Studt , Georg Schildbach

We propose a method of learning a policy for human-like locomotion via deep reinforcement learning based on a human anatomical model, muscle actuation, and biologically inspired rewards, without any inherent control rules or reference…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Minkwan Kim , Yoonsang Lee

Visual model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to enable sample-efficient robot learning from visual observations. Yet the current approaches typically train a single model end-to-end for learning both visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Younggyo Seo , Danijar Hafner , Hao Liu , Fangchen Liu , Stephen James , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

We present a hierarchical policy-learning framework that enables a legged humanoid to cooperatively carry extended loads with a human partner using only haptic cues for intent inference. At the upper tier, a lightweight behavior-cloning…

Complex and contact-rich robotic manipulation tasks, particularly those that involve multi-fingered hands and underactuated object manipulation, present a significant challenge to any control method. Methods based on reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Kelvin Xu , Zheyuan Hu , Ria Doshi , Aaron Rovinsky , Vikash Kumar , Abhishek Gupta , Sergey Levine

Humans achieve complex manipulation through coordinated whole-body control, whereas most Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models treat robot body parts largely independently, making high-DoF humanoid control challenging and often unstable. We…

Rehabilitation technology is a natural setting to study the shared learning and decision-making of human and machine agents. In this work, we explore the use of Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) to develop adaptive control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sonny T. Jones , Grange M. Simpson , Patrick M. Pilarski , Ashley N. Dalrymple

The recognition of actions performed by humans and the anticipation of their intentions are important enablers to yield sociable and successful collaboration in human-robot teams. Meanwhile, robots should have the capacity to deal with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Francesco Tassi , Francesco Iodice , Elena De Momi , Arash Ajoudani

Decision making for self-driving cars is usually tackled by manually encoding rules from drivers' behaviors or imitating drivers' manipulation using supervised learning techniques. Both of them rely on mass driving data to cover all…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-12 Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yang Guan , Qi Sun , Bo Cheng

A generalist robot must be able to complete a variety of tasks in its environment. One appealing way to specify each task is in terms of a goal observation. However, learning goal-reaching policies with reinforcement learning remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Stephen Tian , Suraj Nair , Frederik Ebert , Sudeep Dasari , Benjamin Eysenbach , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

We present Human to Humanoid (H2O), a reinforcement learning (RL) based framework that enables real-time whole-body teleoperation of a full-sized humanoid robot with only an RGB camera. To create a large-scale retargeted motion dataset of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Tairan He , Zhengyi Luo , Wenli Xiao , Chong Zhang , Kris Kitani , Changliu Liu , Guanya Shi

We present a reinforcement learning framework for autonomous goalkeeping with humanoid robots in real-world scenarios. While prior work has demonstrated similar capabilities on quadrupedal platforms, humanoid goalkeeping introduces two…

Generating physical movement behaviours from their symbolic description is a long-standing challenge in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, requiring insights into numerical optimization methods as well as into formalizations from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Daniel Harnack , Christoph Lüth , Lukas Gross , Shivesh Kumar , Frank Kirchner

Common-sense physical reasoning in the real world requires learning about the interactions of objects and their dynamics. The notion of an abstract object, however, encompasses a wide variety of physical objects that differ greatly in terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Hierarchical inverse dynamics based on cascades of quadratic programs have been proposed for the control of legged robots. They have important benefits but to the best of our knowledge have never been implemented on a torque controlled…

Achieving versatile and naturalistic whole-body control for humanoid robot scene-interaction remains a significant challenge. While some recent works have demonstrated autonomous humanoid interactive control, they are constrained to rigid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haoran Yang , Jiacheng Bao , Yucheng Xin , Haoming Song , Yuyang Tian , Bin Zhao , Dong Wang , Xuelong Li

This paper presents an Impedance Primitive-augmented hierarchical reinforcement learning framework for efficient robotic manipulation in sequential contact tasks. We leverage this hierarchical structure to sequentially execute behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Amin Berjaoui Tahmaz , Ravi Prakash , Jens Kober