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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about jailbreaking attacks, i.e., prompts that bypass safety mechanisms. This paper investigates the use of multi-agent LLM systems as a defence against such attacks. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Maria Carolina Cornelia Wit , Jun Pang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse natural language processing tasks, but their growing power also amplifies potential risks such as jailbreak attacks that circumvent built-in safety mechanisms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Qinjian Zhao , Jiaqi Wang , Zhiqiang Gao , Zhihao Dou , Belal Abuhaija , Kaizhu Huang

This paper studies the integration off Large Language Models into cybersecurity tools and protocols. The main issue discussed in this paper is how traditional rule-based and signature based security systems are not enough to deal with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raunak Somani , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

This paper focuses on jailbreaking attacks against multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), seeking to elicit MLLMs to generate objectionable responses to harmful user queries. A maximum likelihood-based algorithm is proposed to find an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhenxing Niu , Haodong Ren , Xinbo Gao , Gang Hua , Rong Jin

The vulnerability of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) to jailbreak attacks appears as no surprise. However, recent defense mechanisms against these attacks have reached near-saturation performance on benchmark evaluations, often with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yangyang Guo , Fangkai Jiao , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performances across diverse domains. However, how the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) benefits from enhanced reasoning capabilities against jailbreak queries remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junda Zhu , Lingyong Yan , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Lei Sha

With the widespread real-world deployment of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their behavior complies with safety standards has become crucial. Jailbreak attacks exploit vulnerabilities in LLMs to induce undesirable behavior, posing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiaqi Wu , Chen Chen , Chunyan Hou , Xiaojie Yuan

Ensuring LLM alignment is critical to information security as AI models become increasingly widespread and integrated in society. Unfortunately, many defenses against adversarial attacks and jailbreaking on LLMs cannot adapt quickly to new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ivan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks - resulting in harmful, unethical, or biased text generations. However, existing jailbreaking methods are computationally costly. In this paper, we propose the weak-to-strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Xuandong Zhao , Xianjun Yang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Lei Li , Yu-Xiang Wang , William Yang Wang

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automatic judges for code evaluation is becoming increasingly prevalent in academic environments. But their reliability can be compromised by students who may employ adversarial prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Devanshu Sahoo , Vasudev Majhi , Arjun Neekhra , Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Dhruv Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed numerous fields by enabling advanced natural language interactions but remain susceptible to critical vulnerabilities, particularly jailbreak attacks. Current jailbreak techniques, while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Yuxi Li , Zhibo Zhang , Kailong Wang , Ling Shi , Haoyu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare applications. However, their deployment in clinical practice raises significant safety concerns, including the potential spread of harmful information. This study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hang Zhang , Qian Lou , Yanshan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs), which bridge the gap between human language understanding and complex problem-solving, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot settings. Despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shuai Zhao , Meihuizi Jia , Zhongliang Guo , Leilei Gan , Xiaoyu Xu , Xiaobao Wu , Jie Fu , Yichao Feng , Fengjun Pan , Luu Anh Tuan

We introduce new jailbreak attacks on vision language models (VLMs), which use aligned LLMs and are resilient to text-only jailbreak attacks. Specifically, we develop cross-modality attacks on alignment where we pair adversarial images…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Erfan Shayegani , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Jailbreak attacks in large language models (LLMs) entail inducing the models to generate content that breaches ethical and legal norm through the use of malicious prompts, posing a substantial threat to LLM security. Current strategies for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Lin Lu , Hai Yan , Zenghui Yuan , Jiawen Shi , Wenqi Wei , Pin-Yu Chen , Pan Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) face threats from jailbreak prompts. Existing methods for detecting jailbreak prompts are primarily online moderation APIs or finetuned LLMs. These strategies, however, often require extensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Yueqi Xie , Minghong Fang , Renjie Pi , Neil Gong

Despite their superb capabilities, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. While recent jailbreaks have achieved notable progress, their effectiveness and efficiency can still be improved. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yunhan Zhao , Xiang Zheng , Xingjun Ma

With the advancement of technology, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, powering LLM-integrated applications like Microsoft Copilot. However, as LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yulin Chen , Haoran Li , Zihao Zheng , Yangqiu Song , Dekai Wu , Bryan Hooi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention but also raised concerns due to the risk of misuse. Jailbreak prompts, a popular type of adversarial attack towards LLMs, have appeared and constantly evolved to breach the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Zhihua Jin , Shiyi Liu , Haotian Li , Xun Zhao , Huamin Qu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in various tasks, yet their safety and the risk of generating harmful content remain pressing concerns. In this paper, we delve into the potential of In-Context Learning (ICL) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zeming Wei , Yifei Wang , Ang Li , Yichuan Mo , Yisen Wang
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