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We investigate how observations of strong lensing can be used to infer cosmological parameters, in particular the equation of state of dark energy. We focus on the growth of the critical lines of lensing clusters with the source redshift as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-03 Britta Zieser , Matthias Bartelmann

Next generation gravitational waves (GWs) observatories are expected to measure GW signals with unprecedented sensitivity, opening new, independent avenues to learn about our Universe. The distance-redshift relation is a fulcrum for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-19 Sofia Canevarolo , Nora Elisa Chisari

Strong gravitational lensing can produce multiple images of the same gravitational-wave signal, each arriving at different times and with different magnification. Previous work has explored if lensed pairs exist among the known…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-21 Connor McIsaac , David Keitel , Thomas Collett , Ian Harry , Simone Mozzon , Oliver Edy , David Bacon

To unlock the full spectrum of astrophysical and cosmological applications of gravitational-wave detections, it is essential to localise the associated black-hole mergers to high precision inside their host galaxies. One possible method to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-01 Ewoud Wempe , Léon V. E. Koopmans , A. Renske A. C. Wierda , Otto Akseli Hannuksela , Chris van den Broeck

We present a method to include lensing selection effects due to the finite horizon of a given detector when studying lensing of gravitational wave (GW) sources. When selection effects are included, the mean of the magnification distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-21 Giulia Cusin , Nicola Tamanini

Strong gravitational lensing by galaxies is a powerful tool for studying cosmology and galaxy structure. The China Space Station Telescope (CSST) will revolutionize this field by discovering up to $\sim$100,000 galaxy-scale strong lenses, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Hengyu Wu , Yun Chen , Tonghua Liu , Xiaoyue Cao , Tian Li , Hui Li , Nan Li , Ran Li , Tengpeng Xu

The measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ plays a central role in modern cosmology. In this work, we investigate the potential of strongly lensed gravitational-wave (SLGW) signals from massive binary black hole mergers to constrain $H_0$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Yong Yuan , Minghui Du , Wen-Fan Feng , Benyang Zhu , Qing Diao , Peng Xu , Xilong Fan

Stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) may merge in the vicinity of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). It is suggested that the gravitational-wave (GW) emitted by a BBH has a high probability to be lensed by the SMBH if the BBH's orbit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-29 Hang Yu , Yijun Wang , Brian Seymour , Yanbei Chen

In this paper, we assemble a well-defined sample of early-type gravitational lenses extracted from a large collection of 158 systems, and use the redshift distribution of galactic-scale lenses to test the standard cosmological model…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 Yu-Bo Ma , Shuo Cao , Jia Zhang , Shuaibo Geng , Yuting Liu , Tonghua Liu , Yu Pan

Space-borne gravitational wave detectors like TianQin are expected to detect GW signals emitted by the mergers of massive black hole binaries. Luminosity distance information can be obtained from GW observations, and one can perform…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-05 Liang-Gui Zhu , Yi-Ming Hu , Hai-Tian Wang , Jian-dong Zhang , Xiao-Dong Li , Martin Hendry , Jianwei Mei

Stellar-mass binary black holes (BBH) may form, evolve, and merge within the dense environments of active galactic nuclei (AGN) disks, thereby contributing to the BBH population detected by gravitational wave (GW) observatories. Mergers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-16 Wen-Long Xu , Yu-Zhe Li , Yi-Gu Chen , Hui Li , Wei-Hua Lei

Strongly lensed gravitational waves (GWs) from binary coalescence manifest as repeated chirps from the original merger. At the detectors, the phase of the lensed GWs and its arrival time differences will be consistent modulo a fixed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-17 Jose María Ezquiaga , Wayne Hu , Rico K. L. Lo

Gravitational wave signals from coalescing Massive Black Hole (MBH) binaries could be used as standard sirens to measure cosmological parameters. The future space based gravitational wave observatory Laser Interferometer Space Antenna…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-18 Antoine Petiteau , Stanislav Babak , Alberto Sesana

Gravitational waves (GWs) have rapidly become important cosmological probes since their first detection in 2015. As the number of detected events continues to rise, upcoming instruments like the Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Stefano Zazzera , José Fonseca , Tessa Baker , Chris Clarkson

Gravitational-wave (GW) events are generally believed to originate in galaxies and can thus serve, like galaxies, as tracers of the universe's large-scale structure. In GW observations, waveform analysis provides direct measurements of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Ya-Nan Du , Ji-Yu Song , Yichao Li , Shang-Jie Jin , Ling-Feng Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect a bunch of gravitational-wave (GW) signals originating from the coalescence of binary neutron star (BNS) and binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-18 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

Gravitational waves (GWs) can be deflected, similarly to electromagnetic (EM) waves, by massive objects through the phenomenon of gravitational lensing. The importance of gravitational lensing for GW astronomy is becoming increasingly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-08 Eungwang Seo , Tjonnie Guan Feng Li , Martin Anthony Hendry

Remarkable development of cosmology is benefited from the increasingly improved measurements of cosmic distances including absolute distances and relative distances. In recent years, however, the emerged cosmological tensions motivate us to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-21 Jing-Zhao Qi , Wei-Hong Hu , Yu Cui , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

The gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by inspiraling binary black holes, expected to be detected by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), could be used to determine the luminosity distance to these sources with the unprecedented…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Cien Shang , Zoltan Haiman

The observation of multiple images from a strongly lensed gravitational wave (GW) source provides the observer with a stereoscopic view of the source. This allows for a measure of its relative proper motion by comparing the induced GW…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-25 Johan Samsing , Lorenz Zwick , Pankaj Saini , János Takátsy