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As deep learning models expand, the pre-training-fine-tuning paradigm has become the standard approach for handling various downstream tasks. However, shared parameters can lead to diminished performance when dealing with complex datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Junzhou Xu , Boyu Diao

This paper proposes Skip2-LoRA as a lightweight fine-tuning method for deep neural networks to address the gap between pre-trained and deployed models. In our approach, trainable LoRA (low-rank adaptation) adapters are inserted between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Hiroki Matsutani , Masaaki Kondo , Kazuki Sunaga , Radu Marculescu

Mixture of Block Attention (MoBA) (Lu et al., 2025) is a promising building block for efficiently processing long contexts in LLMs by enabling queries to sparsely attend to a small subset of key-value blocks, drastically reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Guangxuan Xiao , Junxian Guo , Kasra Mazaheri , Song Han

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jun Liu , Yunming Liao , Hongli Xu , Yang Xu , Jianchun Liu , Chen Qian

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) based on low-rank adaptation (LoRA) enables mobile devices with multi-task datasets to collaboratively fine-tune a large language model (LLM) by exchanging locally updated parameters with a subset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nuocheng Yang , Sihua Wang , Ouwen Huan , Mingzhe Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek , Changchuan Yin

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt pre-trained models to specific tasks using relatively small and domain-specific datasets. Among Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yarui Cao , Kai Liu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown significant progress in various complex vision tasks with the solid linguistic and reasoning capacity inherited from large language models (LMMs). Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) offers a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Liang Mi , Weijun Wang , Wenming Tu , Qingfeng He , Rui Kong , Xinyu Fang , Yazhu Dong , Yikang Zhang , Yunchun Li , Meng Li , Haipeng Dai , Guihai Chen , Yunxin Liu

Federated LoRA has emerged as a promising technique for efficiently fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on distributed devices by reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, existing approaches often inadequately overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yanzhao Hou , Jiaxiang Geng , Boyu Li , Xiaofeng Tao , Juncheng Wang , Xiaodong Xu , Bing Luo

Large language models (LLMs) are expensive to deploy. Parameter sharing offers a possible path towards reducing their size and cost, but its effectiveness in modern LLMs remains fairly limited. In this work, we revisit "layer tying" as form…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Sangmin Bae , Adam Fisch , Hrayr Harutyunyan , Ziwei Ji , Seungyeon Kim , Tal Schuster

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is now the dominant method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models, but achieving a high-quality adapter often requires systematic hyperparameter tuning because LoRA performance is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jingwei Zuo , Xinze Feng , Zien Liu , Kaijian Wang , Fanjiang Ye , Ye Cao , Zhuang Wang , Yuke Wang

LLM development involves pre-training a foundation model on massive data, followed by fine-tuning on task-specific data to create specialized experts. Serving these experts can pose significant memory challenges, as loading all experts onto…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Mingyang Zhang , Yefei He , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

Fine-tuning large diffusion models for custom applications demands substantial power and time, which poses significant challenges for efficient implementation on mobile devices. In this paper, we develop a novel training accelerator…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Jinming Lu , Minghao She , Wendong Mao , Zhongfeng Wang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as an effective technique for reducing memory overhead in fine-tuning large language models. However, it often suffers from sub-optimal performance compared with full fine-tuning since the update is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xin Yu , Yujia Wang , Jinghui Chen , Lingzhou Xue

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) reduces the computational and memory demands of fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) by approximating updates with low-rank matrices. However, low-rank approximation in two-dimensional space fails to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Xiaolin Hu , Xiang Cheng , Peiyu Liu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Yong Liu

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a popular technique for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs). We study how different LoRA modules can be merged to achieve skill composition -- testing the performance of the merged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Akshara Prabhakar , Yuanzhi Li , Karthik Narasimhan , Sham Kakade , Eran Malach , Samy Jelassi

Standard LoRA fine-tuning of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models applies adapters to every expert, yet our profiling shows that per-layer expert routing is highly skewed: a small subset of experts handles most tokens in each layer, while many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Andrea Manzoni

Instruction finetuning on a variety of image-text instruction data is the key to obtaining a versatile Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM), and different configurations of the instruction data can lead to finetuned models with different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Lin Ma

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with high parameter efficiency for downstream tasks has become a new paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) significantly reduces the number of trainable parameters for fine-tuning. Although it has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , He-Xi Qiu , Dong-Hai Zhu , Chun-Ming Xia

Due to the demand for efficient fine-tuning of large language models, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has been widely adopted as one of the most effective parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods. Nevertheless, while LoRA improves efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Xiyu Liu , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

The "pretrain-then-finetune" paradigm is commonly adopted in the deployment of large language models. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method, is often employed to adapt a base model to a multitude of tasks,…