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We present a foundation model for brain MRI that can work with different combinations of imaging sequences. The model uses one encoder with learnable modality embeddings, conditional layer normalization, and a masked autoencoding objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Minh Sao Khue Luu , Bair N. Tuchinov

The exploration of brain activity and its decoding from fMRI data has been a longstanding pursuit, driven by its potential applications in brain-computer interfaces, medical diagnostics, and virtual reality. Previous approaches have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Xuelin Qian , Yun Wang , Jingyang Huo , Jianfeng Feng , Yanwei Fu

The study of decoding visual neural information faces challenges in generalizing single-subject decoding models to multiple subjects, due to individual differences. Moreover, the limited availability of data from a single subject has a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Qiongyi Zhou , Changde Du , Shengpei Wang , Huiguang He

Brain-related research topics in artificial intelligence have recently gained popularity, particularly due to the expansion of what multimodal architectures can do from computer vision to natural language processing. Our main goal in this…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-01 Youssef Hmamouche , Ismail Chihab , Lahoucine Kdouri , Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni

Reconstructing visual stimuli from brain recordings has been a meaningful and challenging task. Especially, the achievement of precise and controllable image reconstruction bears great significance in propelling the progress and utilization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Yizhuo Lu , Changde Du , Qiongyi zhou , Dianpeng Wang , Huiguang He

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have enabled unified reasoning across images, audio, and video, but extending such capability to brain imaging remains largely unexplored. Bridging this gap is essential to link…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yuxiang Wei , Yanteng Zhang , Xi Xiao , Chengxuan Qian , Tianyang Wang , Vince D. Calhoun

Deep learning approaches, together with neuroimaging techniques, play an important role in psychiatric disorders classification. Previous studies on psychiatric disorders diagnosis mainly focus on using functional connectivity matrices of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Guoxin Wang , Xuyang Cao , Shan An , Fengmei Fan , Chao Zhang , Jinsong Wang , Feng Yu , Zhiren Wang

Understanding how humans process visual information is one of the crucial steps for unraveling the underlying mechanism of brain activity. Recently, this curiosity has motivated the fMRI-to-image reconstruction task; given the fMRI data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Jaehoon Joo , Taejin Jeong , Seongjae Hwang

Brain decoding, understood as the process of mapping brain activities to the stimuli that generated them, has been an active research area in the last years. In the case of language stimuli, recent studies have shown that it is possible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Nicolas Affolter , Beni Egressy , Damian Pascual , Roger Wattenhofer

Multimodal MRI provides complementary and clinically relevant information to probe tissue condition and to characterize various diseases. However, it is often difficult to acquire sufficiently many modalities from the same subject due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Xiaofeng Liu , Fangxu Xing , Georges El Fakhri , Jonghye Woo

Multimodal brain decoding aims to reconstruct semantic information that is consistent with visual stimuli from brain activity signals such as fMRI, and then generate readable natural language descriptions. However, multimodal brain decoding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xuanyu Hu

We investigate optimal strategies for decoding perceived natural speech from fMRI data acquired from a limited number of participants. Leveraging Lebel et al. (2023)'s dataset of 8 participants, we first demonstrate the effectiveness of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-28 Louis Jalouzot , Alexis Thual , Yair Lakretz , Christophe Pallier , Bertrand Thirion

Vision Transformers face a fundamental limitation: standard self-attention jointly processes spatial and channel dimensions, leading to entangled representations that prevent independent modeling of structural and semantic dependencies.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jiashu Liao , Pietro Liò , Marc de Kamps , Duygu Sarikaya

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based image reconstruction plays a pivotal role in decoding human perception, with applications in neuroscience and brain-computer interfaces. While recent advancements in deep learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Weiyu Guo , Guoying Sun , JianXiang He , Tong Shao , Shaoguang Wang , Ziyang Chen , Meisheng Hong , Ying Sun , Hui Xiong

Semantic segmentation involves assigning a specific category to each pixel in an image. While Vision Transformer-based models have made significant progress, current semantic segmentation methods often struggle with precise predictions in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Guoan Xu , Wenfeng Huang , Tao Wu , Ligeng Chen , Wenjing Jia , Guangwei Gao , Xiatian Zhu , Stuart Perry

Recent fMRI-to-image approaches mainly focused on associating fMRI signals with specific conditions of pre-trained diffusion models. These approaches, while producing high-quality images, capture only a limited aspect of the complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jingyang Huo , Yikai Wang , Xuelin Qian , Yun Wang , Chong Li , Jianfeng Feng , Yanwei Fu

Unveiling visual semantics from neural signals such as EEG, MEG, and fMRI remains a fundamental challenge due to subject variability and the entangled nature of visual features. Existing approaches primarily align neural activity directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zehui Feng , Chenqi Zhang , Mingru Wang , Minuo Wei , Shiwei Cheng , Cuntai Guan , Ting Han

Decoding sensory experiences from neural activity to reconstruct human-perceived visual stimuli and semantic content remains a challenge in neuroscience and artificial intelligence. Despite notable progress in current brain decoding models,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-13 Feihan Feng , Jingxin Nie

Neural decoding, the process of understanding how brain activity corresponds to different stimuli, has been a primary objective in cognitive sciences. Over the past three decades, advances in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yanchen Wang , Adam Turnbull , Tiange Xiang , Yunlong Xu , Sa Zhou , Adnan Masoud , Shekoofeh Azizi , Feng Vankee Lin , Ehsan Adeli

Cross-subject visual decoding aims to reconstruct visual experiences from brain activity across individuals, enabling more scalable and practical brain-computer interfaces. However, existing methods often suffer from degraded performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shumeng Li , Jintao Guo , Jian Zhang , Yulin Zhou , Luyang Cao , Yinghuan Shi