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Concept-based learning enhances prediction accuracy and interpretability by leveraging high-level, human-understandable concepts. However, existing CBL frameworks do not address survival analysis tasks, which involve predicting event times…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Stanislav R. Kirpichenko , Lev V. Utkin , Andrei V. Konstantinov , Natalya M. Verbova

The remaining Useful Life (RUL) of equipment is defined as the duration between the current time and its failure. An accurate and reliable prognostic of the remaining useful life provides decision-makers with valuable information to adopt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Alaaeddine Chaoub , Alexandre Voisin , Christophe Cerisara , Benoît Iung

We introduce Concept Bottleneck Protein Language Models (CB-pLM), a generative masked language model with a layer where each neuron corresponds to an interpretable concept. Our architecture offers three key benefits: i) Control: We can…

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs), which predict human-interpretable concepts (e.g., nucleus shapes in cell images) before predicting the final output (e.g., cell type), provide insights into the decision-making processes of the model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Winnie Pang , Xueyi Ke , Satoshi Tsutsui , Bihan Wen

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have become a popular approach to enable interpretability in neural networks by constraining classifier inputs to a set of human-understandable concepts. While effective, current models embed concepts in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Daniel Uyterlinde , Swasti Shreya Mishra , Pascal Mettes

Enhancing model interpretability can address spurious correlations by revealing how models draw their predictions. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) can provide a principled way of disclosing and guiding model behaviors through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jeeyung Kim , Ze Wang , Qiang Qiu

We propose an automated genomic interpretation module that transforms raw DNA sequences into actionable, interpretable decisions suitable for integration into medical automation and robotic systems. Our framework combines Chaos Game…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zijun Li , Jinchang Zhang , Ming Zhang , Guoyu Lu

Explaining recommendations enables users to understand whether recommended items are relevant to their needs and has been shown to increase their trust in the system. More generally, if designing explainable machine learning models is key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Darius Afchar , Romain Hennequin

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enable interpretable image classification by structuring predictions around human-understandable concepts, but extending this paradigm to video remains challenging due to the difficulty of extracting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Patrick Knab , Sascha Marton , Philipp J. Schubert , Drago Guggiana , Christian Bartelt

Turbofan engine degradation under sustained operational stress necessitates robust prognostic systems capable of accurately estimating the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of critical components. Existing deep learning approaches frequently fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mohammed Ezzaldin Babiker Abdullah

Concept bottleneck models (CBM) are a popular way of creating more interpretable neural networks by having hidden layer neurons correspond to human-understandable concepts. However, existing CBMs and their variants have two crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Tuomas Oikarinen , Subhro Das , Lam M. Nguyen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Interpretability is a crucial factor in building reliable models for various medical applications. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enable interpretable image classification by utilizing human-understandable concepts as intermediate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Injae Kim , Jongha Kim , Joonmyung Choi , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBNMs) are deep learning models that provide interpretability by enforcing a bottleneck layer where predictions are based exclusively on human-understandable concepts. However, this constraint also restricts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 David Debot , Giuseppe Marra

Despite the transformative impact of deep learning across multiple domains, the inherent opacity of these models has driven the development of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Among these efforts, Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Songning Lai , Jiayu Yang , Yu Huang , Lijie Hu , Tianlang Xue , Zhangyi Hu , Jiaxu Li , Haicheng Liao , Yutao Yue

The main challenges limiting the adoption of deep learning-based solutions in medical workflows are the availability of annotated data and the lack of interpretability of such systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) tackle the latter by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Cristiano Patrício , Isabel Rio-Torto , Jaime S. Cardoso , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Open-ended grading is central to equitable and personalized education, yet manual grading remains time-consuming and costly, underscoring the need for automated grading systems. Although recent neural and large language model (LLM) based…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chengshuai Zhao , Fan Zhang , Kumar Satvik Chaudhary , Yiwen Li , Lo Pang-Yun Ting , Ying-Chih Chen , Huan Liu

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) and other concept-based interpretable models show great promise for making AI applications more transparent, which is essential in fields like medicine. Despite their success, we demonstrate that CBMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jessica Bader , Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Zeynep Akata

The rapid evolution of machine learning (ML) has led to the widespread adoption of complex "black box" models, such as deep neural networks and ensemble methods. These models exhibit exceptional predictive performance, making them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe , Ayah Barhrhouj , Julien Aligon

The main challenges hindering the adoption of deep learning-based systems in clinical settings are the scarcity of annotated data and the lack of interpretability and trust in these systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Cristiano Patrício , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Accurate Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction coupled with uncertainty quantification remains a critical challenge in aerospace prognostics. This research introduces a novel uncertainty-aware deep learning framework that learns aleatoric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Krishang Sharma
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