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Efficient long-context modeling remains a critical challenge for natural language processing (NLP), as the time complexity of the predominant Transformer architecture scales quadratically with the sequence length. While state-space models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhihao Zhan , Jianan Zhao , Zhaocheng Zhu , Jian Tang

We introduce Delayed Streams Modeling (DSM), a flexible formulation for streaming, multimodal sequence-to-sequence learning. Sequence-to-sequence generation is often cast in an offline manner, where the model consumes the complete input…

Recurrent State-space models (RSSMs) are highly expressive models for learning patterns in time series data and system identification. However, these models assume that the dynamics are fixed and unchanging, which is rarely the case in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Vaisakh Shaj , Dieter Buchler , Rohit Sonker , Philipp Becker , Gerhard Neumann

We present StateSMix, a fully self-contained lossless compressor that couples an online-trained Mamba-style State Space Model (SSM) with sparse n-gram context mixing and arithmetic coding. The model is initialised from scratch and trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Roberto Tacconelli

We propose Samba ASR,the first state of the art Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR)model leveraging the novel Mamba architecture as both encoder and decoder,built on the foundation of state space models(SSMs).Unlike transformerbased ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Syed Abdul Gaffar Shakhadri , Kruthika KR , Kartik Basavaraj Angadi

Processing sequential inputs is a fundamental brain function, underlying tasks such as sensory perception, language, and motor control. A challenge in sequence processing is to represent not only the order of events, but also their precise…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-22 Melissa Lober , Younes Bouhadjar , Markus Diesmann , Tom Tetzlaff

Point cloud videos capture dynamic 3D motion while reducing the effects of lighting and viewpoint variations, making them highly effective for recognizing subtle and continuous human actions. Although Selective State Space Models (SSMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Peiming Li , Ziyi Wang , Yulin Yuan , Hong Liu , Xiangming Meng , Junsong Yuan , Mengyuan Liu

State Space Models (SSMs) have become the leading alternative to Transformers for sequence modeling. Their primary advantage is efficiency in long-context and long-form generation, enabled by fixed-size memory and linear scaling of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Eran Malach , Omid Saremi , Sinead Williamson , Arwen Bradley , Aryo Lotfi , Emmanuel Abbe , Josh Susskind , Etai Littwin

Modern neural sequence models are designed to meet the dual mandate of parallelizable training and fast sequential inference. Recent developments have given rise to various models, such as Gated Linear Attention (GLA) and Mamba, that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Morris Yau , Sharut Gupta , Valerie Engelmayer , Kazuki Irie , Stefanie Jegelka , Jacob Andreas

Structured State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as compelling alternatives to Transformer architectures, offering linear-time complexity and superior performance in various sequence modeling tasks. Despite their advantages, SSMs like the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tian Meng , Yang Tao , Wuliang Yin

Transformers excel at in-context retrieval but suffer from quadratic complexity with sequence length, while State Space Models (SSMs) offer efficient linear-time processing but have limited retrieval capabilities. We investigate whether…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Malvina Nikandrou , Ioannis Konstas , Alessandro Suglia

Recently, Mamba-based methods have demonstrated impressive performance in point cloud representation learning by leveraging State Space Model (SSM) with the efficient context modeling ability and linear complexity. However, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chuxin Wang , Yixin Zha , Wenfei Yang , Tianzhu Zhang

Applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to sequence generation models enables the direct optimization of long-term rewards (\textit{e.g.,} BLEU and human feedback), but typically requires large-scale sampling over a space of action sequences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenglong Wang , Hang Zhou , Yimin Hu , Yifu Huo , Bei Li , Tongran Liu , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

We present LrcSSM, a $\textit{non-linear}$ recurrent model that processes long sequences as fast as today's linear state-space layers. By forcing its Jacobian matrix to be diagonal, the full sequence can be solved in parallel, giving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Mónika Farsang , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus , Radu Grosu

The abilities to perceive, learn, and use generalities, similarities, classes, i.e., semantic memory (SM), is central to cognition. Machine learning (ML), neural network, and AI research has been primarily driven by tasks requiring such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Rod Rinkus , Jasmin Leveille

Continual learning for Semantic Segmentation (CSS) is a rapidly emerging field, in which the capabilities of the segmentation model are incrementally improved by learning new classes or new domains. A central challenge in Continual Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Tobias Kalb , Björn Mauthe , Jürgen Beyerer

Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as powerful sequence models have re-emerged as a potential acoustic model for statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS). The long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Zhizheng Wu , Simon King

Model-based strategies for control are critical to obtain sample efficient learning. Dyna is a planning paradigm that naturally interleaves learning and planning, by simulating one-step experience to update the action-value function. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Yangchen Pan , Muhammad Zaheer , Adam White , Andrew Patterson , Martha White

Recent investigations into sum-product-max networks (SPMN) that generalize sum-product networks (SPN) offer a data-driven alternative for decision making, which has predominantly relied on handcrafted models. SPMNs computationally represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Hari Teja Tatavarti , Prashant Doshi , Layton Hayes

Spiking neural networks have garnered increasing attention due to their energy efficiency, multiplication-free computation, and sparse event-based processing. In parallel, state space models have emerged as scalable alternatives to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Kartikay Agrawal , Abhijeet Vikram , Vedant Sharma , Vaishnavi Nagabhushana , Ayon Borthakur