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To increase the trustworthiness of deep neural networks, it is critical to improve the understanding of how they make decisions. This paper introduces a novel unsupervised concept-based model for image classification, named Learnable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Francesco De Santis , Philippe Bich , Gabriele Ciravegna , Pietro Barbiero , Danilo Giordano , Tania Cerquitelli

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has come to prominence as one of the major components of our society, with applications in most aspects of our lives. In this field, complex and highly nonlinear machine learning models such as ensemble models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Mattia Setzu , Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Franco Turini , Dino Pedreschi , Fosca Giannotti

Neural networks have greatly boosted performance in computer vision by learning powerful representations of input data. The drawback of end-to-end training for maximal overall performance are black-box models whose hidden representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Patrick Esser , Robin Rombach , Björn Ommer

Despite their success in various domains, the growing dependence on GNNs raises a critical concern about the nature of the combinatorial reasoning underlying their predictions, which is often hidden within their black-box architectures.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yue Niu , Zhaokai Sun , Jiayi Yang , Xiaofeng Cao , Rui Fan , Xin Sun , Hanli Wang , Wei Ye

Semantic segmentation and instance level segmentation made substantial progress in recent years due to the emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs). A number of deep architectures with Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) were proposed that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Pulak Purkait , Christopher Zach , Ian Reid

Deep learning (DL) enables deep neural networks (DNNs) to automatically learn complex tasks or rules from given examples without instructions or guiding principles. As we do not engineer DNNs' functions, it is extremely difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jung H. Lee , Sujith Vijayan

We introduce a method that takes advantage of high-quality pretrained multimodal representations to explore fine-grained semantic networks in the human brain. Previous studies have documented evidence of functional localization in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Cory Efird , Alex Murphy , Joel Zylberberg , Alona Fyshe

Technological breakthroughs on smart homes, self-driving cars, health care and robotic assistants, in addition to reinforced law regulations, have critically influenced academic research on explainable machine learning. A sufficient number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Ioannis Mollas , Nikolaos Bassiliades , Grigorios Tsoumakas

We address the problem of concept removal in deep neural networks, aiming to learn representations that do not encode certain specified concepts (e.g., gender etc.) We propose a novel method based on adversarial linear classifiers trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yegor Klochkov , Jean-Francois Ton , Ruocheng Guo , Yang Liu , Hang Li

The interpretability of deep neural networks has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and several methods have been created to interpret the "black box" model. Fundamental limitations remain, however, that impede the pace of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Hao Xu , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

Semantic segmentation is the task of assigning a label to each pixel in the image.In recent years, deep convolutional neural networks have been driving advances in multiple tasks related to cognition. Although, DCNNs have resulted in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Aditya Ganeshan

While deep neural networks (DNN) have become an effective computational tool, the prediction results are often criticized by the lack of interpretability, which is essential in many real-world applications such as health informatics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Qingquan Song , Xia Hu

The transparency of deep learning models is essential for clinical diagnostics. Concept Bottleneck Model provides clear decision-making processes for diagnosis by transforming the latent space of black-box models into human-understandable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yiheng Dong , Yi Lin , Xin Yang

Deep learning methods are highly accurate, yet their opaque decision process prevents them from earning full human trust. Concept-based models aim to address this issue by learning tasks based on a set of human-understandable concepts.…

For the semantic segmentation of images, state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve high segmentation accuracy if that task is restricted to a closed set of classes. However, as of now DNNs have limited ability to operate in an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Svenja Uhlemeyer , Matthias Rottmann , Hanno Gottschalk

In recent years Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable results and even showed super-human capabilities in a broad range of domains. This led people to trust in DNNs' classifications and resulting actions even in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Philip Sperl , Ching-Yu Kao , Peng Chen , Konstantin Böttinger

Nonlinear methods such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are the gold standard for various challenging machine learning problems, e.g., image classification, natural language processing or human action recognition. Although these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Grégoire Montavon , Sebastian Bach , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek , Klaus-Robert Müller

Deep learning has advanced NLP, but interpretability remains limited, especially in healthcare and finance. Concept bottleneck models tie predictions to human concepts in vision, but NLP versions either use binary activations that harm text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yibo Yang

Deep neural networks are widely used for classification. These deep models often suffer from a lack of interpretability -- they are particularly difficult to understand because of their non-linear nature. As a result, neural networks are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Oscar Li , Hao Liu , Chaofan Chen , Cynthia Rudin

Due to the increasing need for effective security measures and the integration of cameras in commercial products, a hugeamount of visual data is created today. Law enforcement agencies (LEAs) are inspecting images and videos to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Henri Bouma , Bart Joosten , Maarten C Kruithof , Maaike H T de Boer , Alexandru Ginsca , Benjamin Labbe , Quoc T Vuong