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Question answering (QA), giving correct answers to questions, is a popular task, but we test reverse question answering (RQA): for an input answer, give a question with that answer. Past work tests QA and RQA separately, but we test them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Nishant Balepur , Feng Gu , Abhilasha Ravichander , Shi Feng , Jordan Boyd-Graber , Rachel Rudinger

Problems at the intersection of language and vision, like visual question answering, have recently been gaining a lot of attention in the field of multi-modal machine learning as computer vision research moves beyond traditional recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Mary Arpita Pyreddy , Matthieu Felix , Narendra Nath Joshi

Trustworthy answer content is abundant in many high-resource languages and is instantly accessible through question answering systems, yet this content can be hard to access for those that do not speak these languages. The leap forward in…

Text entailment, the task of determining whether a piece of text logically follows from another piece of text, is a key component in NLP, providing input for many semantic applications such as question answering, text summarization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Vivian S. Silva , André Freitas , Siegfried Handschuh

Long-Form Question Answering (LFQA) involves generating comprehensive, paragraph-level responses to open-ended questions, which poses a significant challenge for evaluation due to the richness of information and flexible response format.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuchen Fan , Chen Lin , Xin Zhong , Shuo Zhang , Heng Zhou , Yuchen Zhang , Mingyu Liang , Chengxing Xie , Ermo Hua , Gang Chen , Zhizhou He , Cheng Huang , Ning Ding , Bowen Zhou

Evaluating open-ended responses from large audio language models (LALMs) is challenging because human annotators often genuinely disagree on answer correctness due to multiple valid interpretations, partial correctness, and subjective…

Question-answering (QA) is certainly the best known and probably also one of the most complex problem within Natural Language Processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). Since the complete solution to the problem of finding a generic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Giovanni Di Gennaro , Amedeo Buonanno , Antonio Di Girolamo , Armando Ospedale , Francesco A. N. Palmieri

The proliferation of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) from various institutions has highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive evaluation methods. However, current evaluation platforms, such as the widely recognized HuggingFace…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Fanghua Ye , Mingming Yang , Jianhui Pang , Longyue Wang , Derek F. Wong , Emine Yilmaz , Shuming Shi , Zhaopeng Tu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable progress in various multimodal tasks, yet they often struggle with complex visual reasoning that requires multi-step inference. To address this limitation, we propose MF-SQ-LLaVA, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Liu Jing , Amirul Rahman

Traditional evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems relies on human-annotated relevance labels, which can be both biased and costly at scale. In this context, large language models (LLMs) offer an alternative by allowing us to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz

Recent advances in vision-language models have shown notable generalization in broad tasks through visual instruction tuning. However, bridging the gap between the pre-trained vision encoder and the large language models (LLMs) becomes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Guohao Sun , Can Qin , Jiamian Wang , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Zhiqiang Tao

Large language models (LLMs), especially when instruction-tuned for chat, have become part of our daily lives, freeing people from the process of searching, extracting, and integrating information from multiple sources by offering a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yuxia Wang , Minghan Wang , Muhammad Arslan Manzoor , Fei Liu , Georgi Georgiev , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Preslav Nakov

We analyze knowledge-based visual question answering, for which given a question, the models need to ground it into the visual modality and retrieve the relevant knowledge from a given large knowledge base (KB) to be able to answer. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Elham J. Barezi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Unstructured clinical notes contain essential patient information but are challenging for physicians to search and interpret efficiently. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in question answering (QA), most existing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Dina Albassam

Training and refreshing a web-scale Question Answering (QA) system for a multi-lingual commercial search engine often requires a huge amount of training examples. One principled idea is to mine implicit relevance feedback from user behavior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Linjun Shou , Shining Bo , Feixiang Cheng , Ming Gong , Jian Pei , Daxin Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense advances in a wide range of natural language tasks. However, these models are susceptible to hallucinations and errors on particularly temporal understanding tasks involving multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Alexandru Dumitru , V Venktesh , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

Assessing student's answers and in particular natural language answers is a crucial challenge in the field of education. Advances in machine learning, including transformer-based models such as Large Language Models(LLMs), have led to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Priti Oli , Rabin Banjade , Jeevan Chapagain , Vasile Rus

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has outpaced the development of effective evaluation methods. Traditional benchmarks rely on task-specific metrics and static datasets, which often suffer from fairness issues, limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuhang Zhou , Xutian Chen , Yixin Cao , Yuchen Ni , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Xiang Liu , Jian Zhang , Chuanjun Ji , Guangnan Ye , Xipeng Qiu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Khoramfar , Ali Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi , Heshaam Faili

Evaluating natural language systems poses significant challenges, particularly in the realms of natural language understanding and high-level reasoning. In this paper, we introduce 'Fusion-Eval', an innovative approach that leverages Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Lei Shu , Nevan Wichers , Liangchen Luo , Yun Zhu , Yinxiao Liu , Jindong Chen , Lei Meng