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Open-vocabulary object detection (OVOD) enables novel category detection via vision-language alignment, but massive model sizes hinder deployment on resource-constrained devices. While quantization offers practical compression, we reveal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jinyeong Park , Donghwa Kang , Brent ByungHoon Kang , Hyeongboo Baek , Jibum Kim

In open-world scenarios, where both novel classes and domains may exist, an ideal segmentation model should detect anomaly classes for safety and generalize to new domains. However, existing methods often struggle to distinguish between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Zhitong Gao , Bingnan Li , Mathieu Salzmann , Xuming He

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) in Large Reasoning Models like OpenAI o1 learns from feedback on its answers, which is especially useful in applications when fine-tuning data is scarce. Recent open-source work like DeepSeek-R1 demonstrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ziyu Liu , Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Zang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Cao , Haodong Duan , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples plays a key role in open-world and safety-critical applications such as autonomous systems and healthcare. Recently, self-supervised representation learning techniques (via contrastive learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Sina Mohseni , Arash Vahdat , Jay Yadawa

Few-shot Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection has emerged as a critical research direction in machine learning for practical deployment. Most existing Few-shot OOD detection methods suffer from insufficient generalization capability for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Pinxuan Li , Bing Cao , Changqing Zhang , Qinghua Hu

Deep learning has been demonstrated with tremendous success in recent years. Despite so, its performance in practice often degenerates drastically when encountering out-of-distribution (OoD) data, i.e. training and test data are sampled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Haoyue Bai

We consider the problem of OOD generalization, where the goal is to train a model that performs well on test distributions that are different from the training distribution. Deep learning models are known to be fragile to such shifts and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Anshul Nasery , Sravanti Addepalli , Praneeth Netrapalli , Prateek Jain

For reliable deployment of deep-learning systems, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is indispensable. In the real world, where test-time inputs often arrive as streaming mixtures of in-distribution (ID) and OOD samples under evolving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Wooseok Lee , Jin Mo Yang , Saewoong Bahk , Hyung-Sin Kim

Generalization to novel compound tasks under distribution shift is important for deploying transformer-based language models (LMs). This work investigates Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning as a means to enhance OOD generalization. Through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ru Wang , Wei Huang , Selena Song , Haoyu Zhang , Qian Niu , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo , Jiaxian Guo

In real world scenarios, out-of-distribution (OOD) datasets may have a large distributional shift from training datasets. This phenomena generally occurs when a trained classifier is deployed on varying dynamic environments, which causes a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-08 Harshita Boonlia , Tanmoy Dam , Md Meftahul Ferdaus , Sreenatha G. Anavatti , Ankan Mullick

Open-vocabulary object detection (OVOD) aims to detect the objects beyond the set of classes observed during training. This work introduces a straightforward and efficient strategy that utilizes pre-trained vision-language models (VLM),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Shilin Xu , Xiangtai Li , Size Wu , Wenwei Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Chen Change Loy

Moving beyond testing on in-distribution data works on Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection have recently increased in popularity. A recent attempt to categorize OOD data introduces the concept of near and far OOD detection. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Junjiao Tian , Yen-Change Hsu , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Zsolt Kira

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models like CLIP have achieved remarkable success in computer vision and particularly demonstrated superior robustness to distribution shifts of 2D images. However, their robustness under 3D viewpoint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Shouwei Ruan , Yinpeng Dong , Hanqing Liu , Yao Huang , Hang Su , Xingxing Wei

As machine learning models continue to achieve impressive performance across different tasks, the importance of effective anomaly detection for such models has increased as well. It is common knowledge that even well-trained models lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Ramneet Kaur , Xiayan Ji , Souradeep Dutta , Michele Caprio , Yahan Yang , Elena Bernardis , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP demonstrate strong performance but struggle when adapted to downstream tasks. Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient and effective strategy to adapt VLMs while preserving their pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xiwen Chen , Wenhui Zhu , Peijie Qiu , Hao Wang , Huayu Li , Haiyu Wu , Aristeidis Sotiras , Yalin Wang , Abolfazl Razi

Efficient fine-tuning of vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP for specific downstream tasks is gaining significant attention. Previous works primarily focus on prompt learning to adapt the CLIP into a variety of downstream tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Jinlong Li , Dong Zhao , Zequn Jie , Elisa Ricci , Lin Ma , Nicu Sebe

Neural networks that are trained on limited category samples often mispredict out-of-distribution (OOD) objects. We observe that features of the same category are more tightly clustered in feature space, while those of different categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Junkun Chen , Jilin Mei , Liang Chen , Fangzhou Zhao , Yan Xing , Yu Hu

Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient and effective method for fine-tuning vision-language models such as CLIP. While many studies have explored generalisation abilities of these models in few-shot classification tasks and a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Myong Chol Jung , Joanna Dipnall , Belinda Gabbe , He Zhao

Prompt learning has become one of the most efficient paradigms for adapting large pre-trained vision-language models to downstream tasks. Current state-of-the-art methods, like CoOp and ProDA, tend to adopt soft prompts to learn an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Sifan Long , Zhen Zhao , Junkun Yuan , Zichang Tan , Jiangjiang Liu , Luping Zhou , Shengsheng Wang , Jingdong Wang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization, where the model needs to handle distribution shifts from training, is a major challenge of machine learning. Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) models have shown impressive zero-shot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Yang Shu , Xingzhuo Guo , Jialong Wu , Ximei Wang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long