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Machine learning models deployed in open-world scenarios often encounter unfamiliar conditions and perform poorly in unanticipated situations. As AI systems advance and find application in safety-critical domains, effectively handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Tian Xie , Jifan Zhang , Haoyue Bai , Robert Nowak

Forecast-then-optimize is a widely-used framework for decision-making problems in power systems. Traditionally, statistical losses have been employed to train forecasting models, but recent research demonstrated that improved decision…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-22 Haipeng Zhang , Ran Li , Mingyang Sun , Teng Fei

Multi-object adaptive optics (MOAO) has been demonstrated by the CANARY instrument on the William Herschel Telescope. However, for proposed MOAO systems on the next generation Extremely Large Telescopes, such as EAGLE, many challenges…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 A. G. Basden , N. A. Bharmal , R. M. Myers , S. L. Morris , T. J. Morris

Astronomical adaptive optics (AO) is a critical approach to enable ground-based diffraction-limited imaging and high contrast science, with the potential to enable habitable exoplanet imaging on future extremely large telescopes. However,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Benjamin L. Gerard , Aaron Lemmer , Bautista R. Fernandez , Xiaoxing Xia , Cesar Laguna , Mike Kim , Stephen Mark Ammons , Brian Bauman , Lisa Poyneer

Wave-front sensing from focal plane multiple images is a promising technique for high-contrast imaging systems. However, the wave-front error of an optics system can be properly reconstructed only when it is very small. This paper presents…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Jiangpei Dou , Deqing Ren , Yongtian Zhu

Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear optics. Removing undesired structure…

Collaborative autonomous driving with multiple vehicles usually requires the data fusion from multiple modalities. To ensure effective fusion, the data from each individual modality shall maintain a reasonably high quality. However, in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Zhe Huang , Shuo Wang , Yongcai Wang , Wanting Li , Deying Li , Lei Wang

The Planetary Systems Imager (PSI) is a proposed instrument for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) that provides an extreme adaptive optics (AO) correction to a multi-wavelength instrument suite optimized for high contrast science. PSI's…

Acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) are widely used across physics, microscopy, neuroscience, and laser engineering, providing fast, precise, and non-mechanical control of light. While conventional AODs naturally support multiplexing in one and…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-10 Lewis R. B. Picard , Manuel Endres

The tolerance analysis of freeform surfaces plays a crucial role in the development of advanced imaging systems. However, the intricate relationship between surface error and imaging quality poses significant challenges, necessitating dense…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-08 Rundong Fan , Shili Wei , Zhuang Qian , Huiru Ji , Hao Tan , Yan Mo , Donglin Ma

A fundamental parameter to determine how electromagnetic waves interfere is their relative phase. Therefore, achieving a fine control over it enables a wide range of interferometric applications. Existing phase control methods rely on…

Integrating sphere (IS) techniques combined with an inverse adding doubling (IAD) algorithm have been widely used for determination of optical properties of ex vivo tissues. Semi-infinite samples are required in such cases. The aim of this…

Robo-AO is an autonomous laser guide star adaptive optics system recently commissioned at the Kitt Peak 2.1-m telescope. Now operating every clear night, Robo-AO at the 2.1-m telescope is the first dedicated adaptive optics observatory.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Dmitry A. Duev , Reed Riddle , Maïssa Salama , Christoph Baranec , Nicholas M. Law , S. R. Kulkarni , A. N. Ramprakash

Oversampled adaptive sensing (OAS) is a Bayesian framework recently proposed for effective sensing of structured signals in a time-limited setting. In contrast to the conventional blind oversampling, OAS uses the prior information on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Ali Bereyhi , Saba Asaad , Ralf R. Müller

Arbitrary-oriented object detection (AOOD) is a challenging task to detect objects in the wild with arbitrary orientations and cluttered arrangements. Existing approaches are mainly based on anchor-based boxes or dense points, which rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Linhui Dai , Hong Liu , Hao Tang , Zhiwei Wu , Pinhao Song

Imaging through scattering media is a useful and yet demanding task since it involves solving for an inverse mapping from speckle images to object images. It becomes even more challenging when the scattering medium undergoes dynamic…

Exoplanet direct imaging using adaptive optics (AO) is often limited by non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) and aberrations that are invisible to traditional pupil-plane wavefront sensors (WFSs). This can be remedied by focal-plane (FP)…

We present a scheme for active compensation of complex extrinsic polarization perturbations introduced into an optical system. Imaging polarimeter is used to measure the polarization state across a beam profile and a liquid crystal spatial…

Electro-optic (EO) modulation is a well-known and essential topic in the field of communications and sensing. Its ultrahigh efficiency is unprecedentedly desired in the current green and data era. However, dramatically increasing the…

Acousto-optics imaging (AOI) is a hybrid imaging modality that is capable of mapping the light fluence rate in deep tissue by local ultrasound modulation of the diffused photons. Since the intensity of the modulated photons is relatively…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-28 Ahiad Refael Levi , Yoav Hazan , Aner Lev , Bruno Sfez , Amir Rosenthal
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