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We reveal the theoretical foundations of techniques for editing large language models, and present new methods which can do so without requiring retraining. Our theoretical insights show that a single metric (a measure of the intrinsic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Oliver J. Sutton , Qinghua Zhou , Wei Wang , Desmond J. Higham , Alexander N. Gorban , Alexander Bastounis , Ivan Y. Tyukin

Text-to-image diffusion models can generate diverse content with flexible prompts, which makes them well-suited for customization through fine-tuning with a small amount of user-provided data. However, controllable fine-tuning that prevents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ziyao Zeng , Jingcheng Ni , Ruyi Liu , Alex Wong

With the rapid progress of diffusion-based content generation, significant efforts are being made to unlearn harmful or copyrighted concepts from pretrained diffusion models (DMs) to prevent potential model misuse. However, it is observed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hongcheng Gao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Taihang Hu , Zhijie Deng , Min Lin

Diffusion models showcase strong capabilities in image synthesis, being used in many computer vision tasks with great success. To this end, we propose to explore a new use case, namely to copy black-box classification models without having…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Vlad Hondru , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Text-guided image editing has recently experienced rapid development. However, simultaneously performing multiple editing actions on a single image, such as background replacement and specific subject attribute changes, while maintaining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pengzhi Li , QInxuan Huang , Yikang Ding , Zhiheng Li

Modern machine learning (ML) models are expensive IP and business competitiveness often depends on keeping this IP confidential. This in turn restricts how these models are deployed; for example, it is unclear how to deploy a model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Eleanor Clifford , Adhithya Saravanan , Harry Langford , Cheng Zhang , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Ilia Shumailov , Jamie Hayes

In this paper, we propose a block-wise image transformation method with a secret key for support vector machine (SVM) models. Models trained by using transformed images offer a poor performance to unauthorized users without a key, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Ryota Iijima , AprilPyone MaungMaung , Hitoshi Kiya

Machine unlearning is rapidly becoming a practical requirement, driven by privacy regulations, data errors, and the need to remove harmful or corrupted training samples. Despite this, most existing methods tackle the problem purely from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sonia Laguna , Jorge da Silva Goncalves , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Alain Ryser , Irene Cannistraci , Julia E. Vogt

This study investigates the robustness of image classifiers to text-guided corruptions. We utilize diffusion models to edit images to different domains. Unlike other works that use synthetic or hand-picked data for benchmarking, we use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Mohammadreza Mofayezi , Yasamin Medghalchi

In recent years, diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in the realm of high-quality image generation, garnering increased attention. This surge in interest is paralleled by a growing concern over the security threats associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Sen Li , Junchi Ma , Minhao Cheng

Recent works on diffusion models have demonstrated a strong capability for conditioning image generation, e.g., text-guided image synthesis. Such success inspires many efforts trying to use large-scale pre-trained diffusion models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zhixing Zhang , Ligong Han , Arnab Ghosh , Dimitris Metaxas , Jian Ren

With the rise of large, publicly-available text-to-image diffusion models, text-guided real image editing has garnered much research attention recently. Existing methods tend to either rely on some form of per-instance or per-task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Adham Elarabawy , Harish Kamath , Samuel Denton

This paper proposes a novel privacy-preserving semantic segmentation method that can use independent keys for each client and image. In the proposed method, the model creator and each client encrypt images using locally generated keys, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mare Hirose , Shoko Imaizumi , Hitoshi Kiya

Model stealing poses a significant security risk in machine learning by enabling attackers to replicate a black-box model without access to its training data, thus jeopardizing intellectual property and exposing sensitive information.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zhixiong Zhuang , Hui-Po Wang , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Mario Fritz

The rapid advancement of deep learning has turned models into highly valuable assets due to their reliance on massive data and costly training processes. However, these models are increasingly vulnerable to leakage and theft, highlighting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yunfei Yang , Xiaojun Chen , Zhendong Zhao , Yu Zhou , Xiaoyan Gu , Juan Cao

Text style transfer aims to alter the style of a sentence while preserving its content. Due to the lack of parallel corpora, most recent work focuses on unsupervised methods and often uses cycle construction to train models. Since cycle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Kangchen Zhu , Zhiliang Tian , Ruifeng Luo , Xiaoguang Mao

Recent text-to-image diffusion models have shown surprising performance in generating high-quality images. However, concerns have arisen regarding the unauthorized data usage during the training or fine-tuning process. One example is when a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Zhenting Wang , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Shiqing Ma

Natural Language Processing (NLP) models are used for text-related tasks such as classification and generation. To complete these tasks, input data is first tokenized from human-readable text into a format the model can understand, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Kasimir Schulz , Kenneth Yeung , Kieran Evans

Pruning-based unlearning has recently emerged as a fast, training-free, and data-independent approach to remove undesired concepts from diffusion models. It promises high efficiency and robustness, offering an attractive alternative to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ci Zhang , Zhaojun Ding , Chence Yang , Jun Liu , Xiaoming Zhai , Shaoyi Huang , Beiwen Li , Xiaolong Ma , Jin Lu , Geng Yuan

Diffusion models have become prominent in creating high-quality images. However, unlike GAN models celebrated for their ability to edit images in a disentangled manner, diffusion-based text-to-image models struggle to achieve the same level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hidir Yesiltepe , Yusuf Dalva , Pinar Yanardag