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We determine the exact threshold of satisfiability for random instances of a particular NP-complete constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). This is the first random CSP model for which we have determined a precise linear satisfiability…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-02-06 Harold Connamacher , Michael Molloy

Random $K$-satisfiability ($K$-SAT) is a paradigmatic model system for studying phase transitions in constraint satisfaction problems and for developing empirical algorithms. The statistical properties of the random $K$-SAT solution space…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-08 Han Zhao , Hai-Jun Zhou

We initiate the systematic study of a recently introduced polynomial-time analogue of MaxSNP, which includes a large number of well-studied problems (including Nearest and Furthest Neighbor in the Hamming metric, Maximum Inner Product,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Karl Bringmann , Alejandro Cassis , Nick Fischer , Marvin Künnemann

Form a random k-SAT formula on n variables by selecting uniformly and independently m=rn clauses out of all 2^k (n choose k) possible k-clauses. The Satisfiability Threshold Conjecture asserts that for each k there exists a constant r_k…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-29 Dimitris Achlioptas , Cristopher Moore

Finding Minimal Unsatisfiable Subsets (MUSes) of binary constraints is a common problem in infeasibility analysis of over-constrained systems. However, because of the exponential search space of the problem, enumerating MUSes is extremely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Panagiotis Lymperopoulos , Liping Liu

The Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem lies at the core of many applications in combinatorial optimization, software verification, cryptography, and machine learning. While state-of-the-art solvers have demonstrated high efficiency in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiwei Zhang , Samy Wu Fung , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Stanley Osher , Moshe Y. Vardi

We consider the random $k$-SAT problem with $n$ variables, $m=m(n)$ clauses, and clause density $\alpha=\lim_{n\to\infty}m/n$ for $k=2,3$. It is known that if $\alpha$ is small enough, then the random $k$-SAT problem admits a solution with…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Andreas Basse-O'Connor , Tobias Lindhardt Overgaard , Mette Skjøtt

It was recently shown \cite{STV} that satisfiability is polynomially solvable when the incidence graph is an interval bipartite graph (an interval graph turned into a bipartite graph by omitting all edges within each partite set). Here we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Serge Gaspers , Christos Papadimitriou , Sigve Hortemo Saether , Jan Arne Telle

We show how to convert any unsatisfiable 3-CNF formula which is sparse and exponentially hard to refute in Resolution into a negative instance of the $k$-clique problem whose corresponding natural encoding as a CNF formula is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Albert Atserias

There are numerous NP-hard combinatorial problems which involve searching for an undirected graph satisfying a certain property. One way to solve such problems is to translate a problem into an instance of the boolean satisfiability (SAT)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Vyacheslav Moklev , Vladimir Ulyantsev

We consider "unconstrained" random $k$-XORSAT, which is a uniformly random system of $m$ linear non-homogeneous equations in $\mathbb{F}_2$ over $n$ variables, each equation containing $k \geq 3$ variables, and also consider a "constrained"…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-05 Boris Pittel , Gregory B. Sorkin

In this paper, we address the problem of enumerating all models of a Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form (CNF). We propose an extension of CDCL-based SAT solvers to deal with this fundamental problem. Then, we provide an experimental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-05-08 Said Jabbour , Lakhdar Sais , Yakoub Salhi

We study approximability of regular constraint satisfaction problems, i.e., CSPs where each variable in an instance has the same number of occurrences. In particular, we show that for any CSP $\Lambda$, existence of an $\alpha$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Aleksa Stankovic

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is one of the most fundamental problems in computer science. The worst-case hardness of SAT lies at the core of computational complexity theory. The average-case analysis of SAT has triggered the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Tobias Friedrich , Anton Krohmer , Ralf Rothenberger , Thomas Sauerwald , Andrew M. Sutton

This paper introduces SATformer, a novel Transformer-based approach for the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem. Rather than solving the problem directly, SATformer approaches the problem from the opposite direction by focusing on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Zhengyuan Shi , Min Li , Yi Liu , Sadaf Khan , Junhua Huang , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Qiang Xu

Given a fixed arity $k \geq 2$, Min-$k$-CSP on complete instances involves a set of $n$ variables $V$ and one nontrivial constraint for every $k$-subset of variables (so there are $\binom{n}{k}$ constraints). The goal is to find an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Aditya Anand , Euiwoong Lee , Amatya Sharma

We present efficient counting and sampling algorithms for random $k$-SAT when the clause density satisfies $\alpha \le \frac{2^k}{\mathrm{poly}(k)}.$ In particular, the exponential term $2^k$ matches the satisfiability threshold…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Zongchen Chen , Aditya Lonkar , Chunyang Wang , Kuan Yang , Yitong Yin

Many reasoning problems are based on the problem of satisfiability (SAT). While SAT itself becomes easy when restricting the structure of the formulas in a certain way, the situation is more opaque for more involved decision problems. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Nadia Creignou , Reinhard Pichler , Stefan Woltran

The runtime performance of modern SAT solvers on random $k$-CNF formulas is deeply connected with the 'phase-transition' phenomenon seen empirically in the satisfiability of random $k$-CNF formulas. Recent universal hashing-based approaches…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Jeffrey M. Dudek , Kuldeep S. Meel , Moshe Y. Vardi

We propose to use local search algorithms to produce SAT instances which are harder to solve than randomly generated k-CNF formulae. The first results, obtained with rudimentary search algorithms, show that the approach deserves further…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-11-29 Olivier Bailleux