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Large language models (LLMs), designed to provide helpful and safe responses, often rely on alignment techniques to align with user intent and social guidelines. Unfortunately, this alignment can be exploited by malicious actors seeking to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Raz Lapid , Ron Langberg , Moshe Sipper

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automatic judges for code evaluation is becoming increasingly prevalent in academic environments. But their reliability can be compromised by students who may employ adversarial prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Devanshu Sahoo , Vasudev Majhi , Arjun Neekhra , Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Dhruv Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have risen significantly in popularity and are increasingly being adopted across multiple applications. These LLMs are heavily aligned to resist engaging in illegal or unethical topics as a means to avoid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Mark Russinovich , Ahmed Salem , Ronen Eldan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention but also raised concerns due to the risk of misuse. Jailbreak prompts, a popular type of adversarial attack towards LLMs, have appeared and constantly evolved to breach the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Zhihua Jin , Shiyi Liu , Haotian Li , Xun Zhao , Huamin Qu

Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment after training and tuning, yet recent work shows that safety can be bypassed through jailbreak attacks. While many jailbreaks and defenses exist, their cross-lingual generalization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Berk Atil , Rebecca J. Passonneau , Fred Morstatter

Game theory, as an analytical tool, is frequently utilized to analyze human behavior in social science research. With the high alignment between the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) and humans, a promising research direction is to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Caoyun Fan , Jindou Chen , Yaohui Jin , Hao He

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have seen exploding development. Their capability of using language as a vehicle for thought and communication lends an incredible level of flexibility and versatility. People have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Lingbo Mo , Zeyi Liao , Boyuan Zheng , Yu Su , Chaowei Xiao , Huan Sun

Traditional methods for raising awareness of privacy protection often fail to engage users or provide hands-on insights into how privacy vulnerabilities are exploited. To address this, we incorporate an adversarial mechanic in the design of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jiaying Fu , Yiyang Lu , Zehua Yang , Fiona Nah , RAY LC

In the era of rapid generative AI development, interactions with large language models (LLMs) pose increasing risks of misuse. Prior research has primarily focused on attacks using template-based prompts and optimization-oriented methods,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenhan Chang , Tianqing Zhu , Yu Zhao , Shuangyong Song , Ping Xiong , Wanlei Zhou

Large Language Models are fundamental actors in the modern IT landscape dominated by AI solutions. However, security threats associated with them might prevent their reliable adoption in critical application scenarios such as government…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Marco Arazzi , Vignesh Kumar Kembu , Antonino Nocera , Vinod P

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving from single-modal systems to multimodal LLMs and intelligent agents, significantly expanding their capabilities while introducing increasingly severe security risks. This paper presents a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yanxu Mao , Tiehan Cui , Peipei Liu , Datao You , Hongsong Zhu

A wide range of real-world applications is characterized by their symbolic nature, necessitating a strong capability for symbolic reasoning. This paper investigates the potential application of Large Language Models (LLMs) as symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Meng Fang , Shilong Deng , Yudi Zhang , Zijing Shi , Ling Chen , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved tremendous progress, yet they still often struggle with challenging reasoning problems. Current approaches address this challenge by sampling or searching detailed and low-level reasoning chains.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Zhan Ling , Yunhao Fang , Xuanlin Li , Tongzhou Mu , Mingu Lee , Reza Pourreza , Roland Memisevic , Hao Su

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in the field of natural language processing. Unfortunately, LLMs face significant security and ethical risks. Although techniques such as safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qingsong Zou , Jingyu Xiao , Qing Li , Zhi Yan , Yuhang Wang , Li Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Kuofeng Gao , Ruoyu Li , Yong Jiang

Adversarial misuse, particularly through `jailbreaking' that circumvents a model's safety and ethical protocols, poses a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper delves into the mechanisms behind such successful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Huijie Lv , Xiao Wang , Yuansen Zhang , Caishuang Huang , Shihan Dou , Junjie Ye , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated an alarming ability to impersonate humans in conversation, raising concerns about their potential misuse in scams and deception. Humans have a right to know if they are conversing to an LLM. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Gilad Gressel , Rahul Pankajakshan , Yisroel Mirsky

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, raising concerns about their security. While jailbreak attacks highlight failures under overtly harmful queries, they overlook a critical risk: incorrectly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yukai Zhou , Sibei Yang , Wenjie Wang

The era of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a new opportunity for interpretability--agentic interpretability: a multi-turn conversation with an LLM wherein the LLM proactively assists human understanding by developing and leveraging a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Been Kim , John Hewitt , Neel Nanda , Noah Fiedel , Oyvind Tafjord
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