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Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) utilize evidence-based knowledge and patient data to offer real-time recommendations, with Large Language Models (LLMs) emerging as a promising tool to generate plain-text explanations for medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 D. Umerenkov , G. Zubkova , A. Nesterov

Large language models (LLMs) are predominantly used as evaluators for natural language generation (NLG) tasks, but their application to broader evaluation scenarios remains limited. In this work, we explore the potential of LLMs as general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jie Meng , Jin Mao

Large language models (LLMs) hold promise for transforming healthcare, from streamlining administrative and clinical workflows to enriching patient engagement and advancing clinical decision-making. However, their successful integration…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Mohammed Al-Garadi , Tushar Mungle , Abdulaziz Ahmed , Abeed Sarker , Zhuqi Miao , Michael E. Matheny

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) to simulate user opinions has received growing attention. Yet LLMs, especially trained with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), are known to exhibit biases toward dominant viewpoints,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ziyun Yu , Yiru Zhou , Chen Zhao , Hongyi Wen

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a notable field, attracting significant attention for its ability to automatically generate intelligent contents for various application domains. However, LLMs still suffer from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Kongyang Chen , Zixin Wang , Bing Mi , Waixi Liu , Shaowei Wang , Xiaojun Ren , Jiaxing Shen

In the past year, Generative Recommendations (GRs) have undergone substantial advancements, especially in leveraging the powerful sequence modeling and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance overall recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhen Yang , Haitao Lin , Jiawei xue , Ziji Zhang

We challenge the dominant focus on neural scaling laws and advocate for a paradigm shift toward downscaling in the development of large language models (LLMs). While scaling laws have provided critical insights into performance improvements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yash Goel , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Recent work utilizes Large Language Models (LLMs) for topic modeling, generating comprehensible topic labels for given documents. However, their performance has mainly been evaluated qualitatively, and there remains room for quantitative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Tomoki Doi , Masaru Isonuma , Hitomi Yanaka

Long-sequence decision-making, which is usually addressed through reinforcement learning (RL), is a critical component for optimizing strategic operations in dynamic environments, such as real-time bidding in computational advertising. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xiaowei Lv , Zhilin Zhang , Yijun Li , Yusen Huo , Siyuan Ju , Xuyan Li , Chunxiang Hong , Tianyu Wang , Yongcai Wang , Peng Sun , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, prompting several studies to explore their potential in recommendation systems. However, these attempts have so far resulted in only modest improvements over…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Junyi Chen , Lu Chi , Bingyue Peng , Zehuan Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating complex reasoning and decision-making tasks. In telecommunications, they hold the potential to transform network optimization, automate troubleshooting, enhance…

Language is essentially a complex, intricate system of human expressions governed by grammatical rules. It poses a significant challenge to develop capable AI algorithms for comprehending and grasping a language. As a major approach,…

Despite recent progress, it has been difficult to prevent semantic hallucinations in generative Large Language Models. One common solution to this is augmenting LLMs with a retrieval system and making sure that the generated output is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Renat Aksitov , Chung-Ching Chang , David Reitter , Siamak Shakeri , Yunhsuan Sung

Large language models (LLM) have revolutionized the processing of natural language. Although first benchmarks of the process modeling abilities of LLM are promising, it is currently under debate to what extent an LLM can generate good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Peter Fettke , Constantin Houy

This paper provides an experimental evaluation of the capability of large language models (LLMs) to assist in legal decision-making within the framework of Austrian and European Union value-added tax (VAT) law. In tax consulting practice,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Marina Luketina , Andrea Benkel , Christoph G. Schuetz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising solutions for a variety of medical and clinical decision support applications. However, LLMs are often subject to different types of biases, which can lead to unfair treatment of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Raphael Poulain , Hamed Fayyaz , Rahmatollah Beheshti

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for accessing information on the web. Their truthfulness and factuality are thus of great interest. To help users make the right decisions about the information they get, LLMs should not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Chenglei Si , Navita Goyal , Sherry Tongshuang Wu , Chen Zhao , Shi Feng , Hal Daumé , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Scaling laws guide the development of large language models (LLMs) by offering estimates for the optimal balance of model size, tokens, and compute. More recently, loss-to-loss scaling laws that relate losses across pretraining datasets and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Prasanna Mayilvahanan , Thaddäus Wiedemer , Sayak Mallick , Matthias Bethge , Wieland Brendel

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized language understanding and human-like text generation, drawing interest from many other fields with this question in mind: What else are the LLMs capable of? Despite their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Nurullah Sevim , Mostafa Ibrahim , Sabit Ekin

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) has pushed their boundaries to many applications in various domains. Recently, the research community has started to evaluate their potential adoption in autonomous vehicles and especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Petros Loukas , David Bassir , Savvas Chatzichristofis , Angelos Amanatiadis